Psychology of Learning Quiz

What is the unconditioned stimulus in a classical conditioning experiment where a dog salivates to the sound of a bell because it used to signal mealtime?

• The dog's salivation

• The sound of the bell

• The meal provided to the dog

• The time of the day

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Which of the following best describes the role of reinforcement in operant conditioning?

• It is an involuntary response to a stimulus.

• It is used to decrease a behavior.

• It is used to increase the likelihood of a behavior occurring again.

• It is a neutral stimulus that becomes associated with an unconditioned stimulus.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

In observational learning, what is primarily observed from the model?

• Their thoughts

• Their physical appearance

• Their behavior

• Their feelings

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DOK Level 1: Recall

What happens in classical conditioning if the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus?

• Extinction

• Spontaneous recovery

• Generalization

• Discrimination

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which scenario is an example of negative reinforcement in operant conditioning?

• A student studies hard to get a good grade and avoid criticism from parents.

• A child receives a candy after cleaning their room.

• A dog gets a treat for sitting on command.

• A cat is sprayed with water for scratching the furniture.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

How does the concept of "vicarious reinforcement" influence observational learning?

• It decreases the observer's likelihood to imitate the behavior.

• It increases the observer's likelihood to imitate the behavior.

• It has no impact on the observer's behavior.

• It makes the observer fear the consequences of the behavior.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Design an experiment using classical conditioning to teach a child to fear a harmless object. What would be the unconditioned stimulus?

• The harmless object

• A loud noise

• The child's fear

• The environment

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

In operant conditioning, what is the effect of a variable ratio schedule on the frequency of behavior?

• It leads to a high and steady rate of behavior.

• It causes the behavior to cease quickly.

• It has no significant effect on the behavior.

• It leads to a variable and unpredictable rate of behavior.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

Discuss how the process of generalization in classical conditioning could be applied to help someone overcome fear of flying.

• By presenting various flight-related stimuli without adverse outcomes.

• By avoiding all flight-related stimuli.

• By providing negative reinforcement every time they consider flying.

• By using a different mode of transportation.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

What role does punishment play in operant conditioning?

• It increases the frequency of the behavior.

• It decreases the frequency of the behavior.

• It has no effect on the frequency of the behavior.

• It replaces the behavior with a new one.

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DOK Level 1: Recall