MCA Review (Pages 9&10) Interdependence within Earth Systems

What is the principal source of energy for the Earth?

• Sun

• Radioactive decay of heavy elements within the earth

• Wind

• Coal

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What is the primary role of radiation in heating the atmosphere according to the diagram?

• The sun's radiation heats the air directly.

• The sun's radiation heats up the ground which then heats the air above it by conduction

• The sun's radiation only heats the water on the surface of the ocean.

• The sun's radiation is a mechanical wave.

Answer explanation

The sun's radiation heats up the ground which then heats the air above it by conduction

According to the diagram, what happens after the ground heats the air through conduction?

• The warm air sinks.

• The warm air rises due to it having a lower density than colder air. This is called convection.

• The air condenses and forms clouds.

• The air disperses evenly in the atmosphere.

Answer explanation

The warm air rises due to it having a lower density than colder air. This is called convection.

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How do convection currents affect the atmosphere as shown in the diagram?

• They cause the air to move horizontally.

• They lead to a decrease in air temperature.

• They facilitate the rising of warm air.

• They prevent radiation from heating the ground.

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What causes the Earth to have seasons?

• The Earth's rotation on its 23.5 degree tilted axis.

• The Earth's revolution around the sun while maintaining a 23.5 degree tilt towards the North Star.

• The changing distance of the Earth's revolution around the sun.

• The Earth's magnetic field strength.

Answer explanation

The Earth's revolution around the sun while maintaining a 23.5 degree tilt towards the North Star causes the Earth to have seasons.

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When is it summer in the Northern Hemisphere?

• When Earth is closest to the sun

• When Earth is farthest from the sun

• When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun

• When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the sun

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What is the term for the day when the northern hemisphere receives the fewest hours of sunlight?

• Winter Solstice

• Summer Solstice

• Vernal Equinox

• Autumnal Equinox

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

What is the term for the day when the northern hemisphere receives the most hours of sunlight?

• Winter Solstice

• Summer Solstice

• Vernal Equinox

• Autumnal Equinox

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What are the equinoxes and when do they occur?

• Two days in the year when the day is longer than the night – June 21st and December 21st

• Two days in the year when the night is longer than the day – June 21st and December 21st

• Two days during the year when everyone has about 12 hours of day and 12 hours of night – March 21st and September 21st

• One day in the year when the day and night are of equal length – December 31st

What forces create currents in the oceans?

• Tidal forces and marine life activity

• Convection currents (temperature), wind, and salinity (salt concentration)

• Magnetic fields and aquatic plants

• Sunlight and moon phases

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