How does the constitutional republic of the United States reflect the ideas expressed in this document?

• A. by establishing a tradition of civic participation

• B. by allowing states to challenge federal laws in court

• C. by maintaining rule of law and holding all citizens accountable

• D. by creating a separation of powers between branches of government

Based on the passage from the Preamble of the U.S. Constitution, which foundational principle is being described? The passage reads: "We the People of the United States, ... do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America."

• A. rule of law

• B. limited government

• C. due process of law

• D. equality of mankind

The diagram shows the connections between colonists' views on government and historical documents. Which phrase completes this diagram?

• habeas corpus

• natural rights

• due process of law

• representative self-government

Which foundational principle is reflected in the creation of three branches of government?

• natural rights

• social contract

• separation of powers

• consent of the governed

The diagram describes the causes that led to the writing of the Declaration of Independence. Which action completes the diagram?

• Colonial agricultural trade increases.

• Colonial religious rights are restricted.

• The British enact a series of taxes in the colonies.

• The British grant the colonists representation in Parliament.

Based on the passage from the Declaration of Independence, where should governments get their power?

• from God

• from the public

• from the legislative branch

• from the executive branch

Which weakness of the Articles of Confederation was highlighted by the events of Shays's Rebellion?

• no power to tax

• no national armed forces

• lack of a legislative branch

• lack of a national court system

In the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution, what is the meaning of the phrase "We the People"?

• Citizens express their will through political parties.

• Citizens express their will by directly creating laws.

• Government receives taxes from citizens and exists to support them.

• Government receives its power from citizens and exists to serve them.

The newspaper details an important step in filling a vacancy on the U.S. Supreme Court. Which constitutional principle does the headline illustrate?

• rule of law

• judicial review

• checks and balances

• separation of powers

Based on the passage from Anti-Federalist Paper #84, written by John DeWitt in 1787, with which statement regarding ratification of the U.S. Constitution would DeWitt agree?

• The Constitution should limit local government.

• The Constitution should protect individual rights.

• The Constitution should create a strong national government.

• The Constitution should protect the rights of the individual states.