Biology, Chapter 5, Life i Science

Who was known as the "father" of genetics?

• Albert Einstein

• Anton van Leeuwenhoek

• Gregor Mendel

• Louis Pasteur

What did Gregor Mendel use to study to learn about genetics?

• tulips

• orchids

• macroinvertebrates

• pea plants

"A _________ _____ is a genetic factor that is blocked by the presence of a dominant factor."

"A ________ _____ is a genetic factor that blocks another genetic factor."

What is a gene?

• A gene is a segment or a part of a chromosome. Each gene is also a trait of an organism.

• A gene is a segment or a part of a nucleus. Each gene is also a chromosome of an organism.

• A gene is a segment or a part of an organelle. Each gene is also an amino acid of an organism.

"A _______ ______ is a model used to predict possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring."

What is the difference between "phenotype" and "genotype"?

• Phenotype is how a trait is expressed on the inside of an organism. On the other hand, genotype controls the phenotype using two alleles (the genotype consists of all the traits that can't be seen from the inside, meaning both the dominant trait and the recessive trait.

• Genotype is how a trait is expressed on the outside of an organism. On the other hand, phenotype controls the genotype using two alleles (the phenotype consists of all the traits that can't be seen from the outside, meaning both the dominant trait and the recessive trait.

• Phenotype is how a trait is expressed on the outside of an organism. On the other hand, genotype controls the phenotype using two alleles (the genotype consists of all the traits that can't be seen from the outside, meaning both the dominant trait and the recessive trait.

________ is a change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene. This is often a negative change.

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

• Translation is the process of DNA making mRNA. Transcription is the process of RNA making a protein.

• Transcription is the process of DNA making mRNA. Translation is the process of RNA making a protein.

• Transcription is the process of mRNA making DNA. Translation is the process of RNA making a protein.

• Translation is the process of DNA making mRNA. Transcription is the process of a protein making a RNA.

Name the four types of nitrogen bases that a nucleotide can have. Type the actual names of these nitrogen bases (Hint: A, C, T, G).