Genetic Mutations

In the video, Tim says that genetic mutations are permanent changes to DNA or RNA. What does this mean?

• The changes are minor

• The changes can't be undone.

• The changes are major.

• The changes can be undone.

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Which of the following traits is encoded in your DNA? (Choose the best answer)

• Your personality

• Your likes and dislikes

• Your intelligence

• Your eye color

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What types of living organisms have NO genetic material at all?

• Insects

• Bacteria

• Plants

• All living organisms have genetic material

Why do most changes to DNA have NO effect at all?

• Because they're too minor to have any effect

• Because the changes are offset by RNA, which cannot change

• Because the changes are quickly repaired

• Because the changes only occur in a few cells

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NGSS.MS-LS3-1

What usually happens to a cell whose DNA has been damaged?

• It has trouble manufacturing certain proteins

• Its genetic material leaves the nucleus

• It is able to produce twice as many proteins as a normal cell

• It shrinks to half its normal size

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How are cancerous cells different from normal cells?

• Cancerous cells are shaped differently than normal cells

• Cancerous cells divide more frequently than normal cells

• Cancerous cells contain chemicals not found in normal cells

• Cancerous cells need more oxygen than normal cells

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Which of the following is an example of a beneficial mutation?

• When an organism's lifespan becomes shorter.

• When an organism becomes unable to reproduce.

• When an organism's body becomes deformed.

• When an organism develops immunity to a disease.

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When a beneficial (adaptive) mutation spreads through an entire population of organisms, that population:

• Becomes less common

• Becomes more common

• Goes extinct

• Keeps mutating

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Match the mutation information

• one base is changed, may or may not change protein (inversion or substitution)

• Mutation in sex cells (germ cells)

• radiation, chemicals, virus... anything that causes a mutation.

• Point mutation

• Can be passed on to offspring.

• Mutagens

• addition or deletion of a nitrogenous base. causes change to protein.

• Frameshift mutation

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