USG 6.1

What is the first step in the federal budget process in the United States?

• The President signs the budget into law.

• Congress debates and amends the budget.

• The President submits a budget request to Congress.

• Federal agencies submit their budget requests.

Which of the following best describes an economic trade-off?

• Increasing taxes to fund more public projects.

• Choosing between military spending and education funding.

• Borrowing money to cover budget deficits.

• Implementing new technology in government offices.

What role does the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) play in the budget process?

• It enforces the budget laws.

• It provides economic forecasts and analyses of the budget.

• It drafts the initial budget proposal.

• It collects taxes to fund the budget.

Which of the following is an example of a mandatory spending item in the U.S. federal budget?

• Defense spending

• Education grants

• Social Security payments

• Infrastructure projects

What is the primary purpose of discretionary spending in the federal budget?

• To fund entitlement programs like Medicare

• To cover unexpected emergencies and disasters

• To pay for government operational costs and investments

• To service the national debt

Which of the following best exemplifies a policy issue that could arise during the budget process?

• Deciding the official language of government documents

• Determining the allocation of funds between healthcare and military

• Choosing the location for a new federal building

• Setting the salaries of government employees

How does the budget reconciliation process function in Congress?

• It is used to resolve differences between the House and Senate budget proposals.

• It is a process to amend the Constitution based on budget needs.

• It involves the judicial review of the budget passed by Congress.

• It is a ceremonial procedure for signing the budget into law.

What is a "continuing resolution" in the context of U.S. federal budgeting?

• A permanent law that sets aside funds for a specific purpose

• A temporary funding measure that allows government operations to continue when a formal budget is not in place

• A resolution that discontinues funding for certain government programs

• A legislative action that permanently increases the debt ceiling

Which committee primarily handles the budget in the U.S. House of Representatives?

• House Ways and Means Committee

• House Appropriations Committee

• House Budget Committee

• House Oversight Committee

What is the significance of the budget deficit?

• It indicates the government is spending less than it earns.

• It shows the government is earning more than it spends.

• It represents the amount by which government spending exceeds revenue.

• It is a measure of the government's investment in infrastructure.