SSA Week 2 Review

A student decides that if there is a drought and all of the organisms E and F die, individuals of organism A that have longer necks will be able to survive better than those with shorter necks. Is the student's claim valid?

• Yes, because individuals with longer necks would be able to easily reach organism G.

• No, because individuals with shorter necks would be able to hide from organism D.

• Yes, because individuals with longer necks would be able to defend themselves from organism B.

• No, because individuals with shorter necks would be able to attract better mates.

Answer explanation

The correct choice is No, because individuals with shorter necks would be able to attract better mates, not because they can hide from organism D or reach organism G.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

If scientists artificially selected for long necks in organism A, what would most likely be the effect on the ecosystem shown in the diagram?

• There would be an increase in the number of organism D.

• Organism A would become competition for organism B.

• The number of consumers in the habitat would be decreased.

• An increased number of organism A would destroy the habitat.

Answer explanation

Selecting for long necks in organism A would lead to increased competition with organism B for food resources, impacting the ecosystem.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

If individuals with this trait survive the season and breed, what would best describe their offspring?

• They would only eat organisms E.

• They would have their parents’ features.

• They would learn to eat organism F.

• They would be unable to survive in the wild.

Answer explanation

The correct choice is that the offspring would have their parents' features, indicating inheritance of traits from the parents.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Which of the following statements correctly describes an aspect of Mason’s model?

• The model represents a warm front, because the cooler material sunk beneath the warmer material, forcing the warm material upwards.

• The olive oil represents a warm air mass, which is less dense and therefore rises.

• The olive oil represents a maritime tropical air mass, because is denser.

• The model represents a cold front, because the warmer material sank beneath the cooler material, forcing the cool material upwards.

Answer explanation

The olive oil represents a warm air mass, which is less dense and therefore rises.

Which statement below best illustrates how Mason’s model could be used to model the sun’s impact on the hydrosphere?

• The sun’s energy is absorbed in the upper layer of the ocean, raising the temperature and keeping warmer water on top while colder water stays at the bottom.

• The sun’s energy is blocked from reaching the ocean because of the density of the atmosphere, resulting in no change to the ocean temperatures.

• The sun’s energy is reflected by Arctic and Antarctic ice packs, resulting in no change to the ocean temperatures.

• The sun’s energy is absorbed in the upper layer of the ocean, causing some of the ocean water to evaporate into the atmosphere.

Answer explanation

The correct choice illustrates how Mason's model shows the sun's energy being absorbed in the upper layer of the ocean, raising the temperature and creating a stratification with warmer water on top and colder water at the bottom.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Luke put a lid on the jar and tightened it securely. He shook the jar until the oil and water were a mixture of tiny bubbles, then placed the jar on the desk. He watched as the two liquids slowly returned to their original layers. How does this model the interaction of the atmosphere and the hydrosphere?

• Shaking the jar models the wind interacting with the surface of the ocean.

• The two layers separating models the condensation of atmospheric water vapor into precipitation.

• The water bubbles sinking models the heat transfer from the hydrosphere to the atmosphere.

• Sealing the jar with a lid demonstrates that the atmosphere and the hydrosphere together form a closed system.

Answer explanation

The two layers separating models the condensation of atmospheric water vapor into precipitation.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

When you pull a pendulum weight back and let it swing, ________ is the force that pulls it downward.

Which statement best summarizes the amount of energy in the pendulum at position 3?

• all kinetic energy

• one-half potential energy and one-half kinetic energy

• all potential energy

• no kinetic energy and no potential energy

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'all kinetic energy' because at position 3, the pendulum has reached its maximum speed, indicating all energy is in the form of kinetic energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

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Why does the pendulum move from position 1 toward position 3 when released?

• Earth has more mass than the pendulum, so the gravitational force between the two pulls the pendulum down toward Earth.

• The students push the pendulum as they release it, so the force of their hands on the weight causes it to move downward.

• The string pulls upward and to the right on the weight, causing it to move in the direction of the net force.

• The magnetic field of the Earth exerts force on the pendulum, causing it to move downward from the fulcrum.

Answer explanation

Earth has more mass than the pendulum, so the gravitational force between the two pulls the pendulum down toward Earth.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Based on the data in the table, which of the following statements is correct?

• Most students do not care about reducing their impact on Earth.

• Megan's sign was completely effective in getting her classmates to reduce water waste.

• Students can help reduce their impact on Earth in small ways by changing their daily habits.

• Megan's efforts, though small, cannot help conserve water resources.

Answer explanation

The correct statement is that students can help reduce their impact on Earth in small ways by changing their daily habits, as shown by the data in the table.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-3