What is the purpose of a foundation in a building or civil structure?

• To increase the height of the structure

• To enhance the aesthetics of the structure

• To provide insulation to the structure

• To transfer loads from the structure to the soil safely

What are the two main classifications of foundations?

• Circular foundation and square foundation

• Tall foundation and short foundation

• Wide foundation and narrow foundation

• Shallow foundation and deep foundation

type of shallow foundation used to support a load-bearing wall or a line of closely spaced columns.

• Strap footing

• wall footing

• spread footing

• Combined footing

What is the main purpose of a combined footing?

• To provide shade to the building

• To support two or more columns in close proximity

• To enhance the architectural design

• To act as a recreational area

This is suitable for Structures with heavy loads or low bearing capacity soil

• Mat Foundation

• Caisson Foundation

• Pile foundation

• Deep Foundation

They rely on end-bearing capacity or frictional resistance

• Driven piles

• Bore piles

suitable for A wide range of soil and rock conditions

• Bore piles

• Driven piles

Sutiable for marine construction where high lateral and vertical loads are present

• Caisson

• Strap

• Spread

• Combined

commonly used for Retaining walls, cofferdams, and bulkheads in areas with soft or loose soil conditions

• sheet piles

• concrete piles

• micropiles

• screw piles

piles are commonly used in temporary structures, such as utility poles, as well as in permanent structures like foundations for residential and commercial buildings.

• sheet piles

• concrete piles

• micropiles

• screw piles