Quiz about Earth & Space Science- NGSSS

Question 1

The air surrounding Earth is considered part of which of following?

Accepted Answer

atmosphere

Answer

geosphere

Answer

hydrosphere

Answer

biosphere

Question 2

A polar ice cap would be considered part of which of following?

Accepted Answer

Earth's cryosphere

Answer

Earth's lithosphere

Answer

Earth's atmosphere

Answer

Earth's biosphere

Question 3

Mountains would be considered part of which of following?

Accepted Answer

geosphere

Answer

cryosphere

Answer

atmosphere

Answer

biosphere

Question 4

The animals in a food web would be considered part of which of following?

Accepted Answer

biosphere

Answer

hydrosphere

Answer

geosphere

Answer

cryosphere

Question 5

In science class, students are learning how to tell the difference between weather and climate. Their teacher describes some examples of weather and some examples of climate. Which of these examples best represents climate and not weather?

Accepted Answer

Question 6

The table below shows averages of temperature and precipitation for the past 20 years in an area in the United States.

For which of the following would these data be most useful?

Accepted Answer

understanding the climate of the area

Answer

showing the effect of weather on climate

Answer

predicting how the weather will change from day to day

Answer

demonstrating the difference between weather and climate

Question 7

A student lives in a city where the days are usually very warm and humid. However, yesterday was very cold and dry. Which statement is true about the city yesterday?

Accepted Answer

The city had cold weather but a warm climate.

Answer

The city had cold weather and climate.

Answer

The city had warm weather and climate.

Answer

The city had warm weather but a cold climate.

Question 8

How does the sun provide energy to drive the earth's weather phenomena?

Accepted Answer

The sun's UV radiation warms the air, land, and water.

Answer

Temperate conduction from the sun drives the weather.

Answer

Emissions from the sun define the earth's energy core.

Answer

Gamma dispersion cools the atmosphere, land, and water.

Question 9

A student makes a saturated sugar solution by dissolving sugar grains in warm water, stirring, and adding more sugar until it no longer dissolves. The student then allows the solution to come to room temperature. The student pours equal volumes of the sugar solution into five beakers. The student places a string into each of the beakers, with one end of the string hanging free outside of the glassware. The student then places the beakers into five chambers of varying temperature (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 degrees Celsius). The student allows the beaker and string to sit for two weeks. At the end of the experiment, the student notices crystals have formed in the string. The student masses the amount of crystals that have formed from the sugar solution on the string.

Select the dependent variable in this experiment and what process in the rock cycle is the student most likely modeling?

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable is the level of crystal formation and the student is modeling the formation of igneous rock from magma.

Answer

The dependent variable is the level of crystal formation and the student is modeling the melting of metamorphic rock to form magma.

Answer

The dependent variable is the temperature at which crystals form and the student is modeling the formation of igneous rock from magma

Answer

The dependent variable is the temperature at which crystals form and the student is modeling the melting of metamorphic rock to form magma.

Question 10

A student takes granite, a sample of igneous rock, and masses it. She records the initial mass. She then places the rock into a rock tumbler, which mechanically tumbles the rock on a continuous cycle. After two weeks, the student removes the rock from the tumbler and takes its final mass. She makes observations that the rock seems smoother and has lost 8% of its mass over time.

Select the independent variable in this experiment and the step of the rock cycle the student is most likely modeling.

Accepted Answer

The independent variable is the presence of the rock tumbler and the student is modeling weathering.

Answer

The independent variable is the type of the rock and the student is modeling melting.

Answer

The independent variable is the final mass of the rock and the student is modeling crystallization.

Answer

The independent variable is the speed of the rock tumbler and the student is modeling sedimentation.

Question 11

This table compares magnitude and depth of four earthquakes occurring between 1955 - 2017. The surface changes that occur as a result of earthquakes begin in Earth's crust. What conclusion can be drawn about earthquake activity within Earth's crust based on the data shown?

Accepted Answer

Higher-magnitude earthquakes do not always happen deeper in Earth's crust.

Answer

Earthquake depth has continuously increased throughout the past century.

Answer

The higher an earthquake's magnitude, the deeper in Earth's crust it occurs.

Answer

Earthquake magnitude has continuously decreased throughout the past century.

Question 12

The majority of the fossils found in Indiana have been marine fossils. These include things like mollusks, coral, and clam relatives.

The existence of so many marine fossils here indicates that...

Accepted Answer

Indiana was once covered by the ocean.

Answer

we don't know as much as we think.

Answer

a giant flood must have brought them here.

Answer

marine animals create fossils much more readily.

Question 13

The Appalachian Mountains are a range of mountains that run from the Southeast all the way to Acadia National Park in Maine. What plate boundary is most likely the cause of the original mountain formation?

Accepted Answer

Convergent plate boundary

Answer

Subduction zone

Answer

Transform plate boundary

Answer

Divergent plate boundary

Question 14

What plate tectonic movement is the reason there are seashell fossils found at the top of the Himalayas?

Accepted Answer

Convergent

Answer

Divergent

Answer

Transform

Answer

Subduction

Question 15

_{Which rock layer in the diagram seems to be the oldest?}

Accepted Answer

A

Answer

F

Answer

E

Answer

B

Question 16

The number of years that have passed since the rock formed is the rock's ____ age, or its actual age.

Accepted Answer

absolute

Answer

relative

Answer

law of superposition

Answer

index fossil

Question 17

The age of a rock compared to the ages of other rocks is the rock's

Accepted Answer

relative age

Answer

absolute age

Answer

geologic age

Answer

sedimentary age

Question 18

According to the law of superposition, the oldest fossils are found

Accepted Answer

Near the bottom of the rock layers

Answer

At the top of the rock layers

Answer

In the middle of the rock layers

Answer

Somewhat near the surface

Question 19

Given the following evidence; which does not support the theory of Continental Drift?

Accepted Answer

continents are not currently moving

Answer

location of ancient climate areas

Answer

fossils of plants and animals

Answer

land features match up (like mountains) on different continents

Question 20

Early naturalists found fossils of the same species of plants and animals located on continents that are separated by thousands of miles of oceans. Which geological theory explains this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

continental drift

Answer

natural drift

Answer

natural selection

Answer

continental selection

Question 21

When tectonic plates move releasing energy as waves, the shaking created by the waves can cause building damage or collapse. What is the event called that causes this type of physical damage?

Accepted Answer

earthquake

Answer

hurricane

Answer

tsunami

Answer

volcano eruption

Question 22

What is the heat source for convection in the mantle?

Accepted Answer

the Core

Answer

the Crust

Answer

the Mantle

Question 23

The mantle in the Earth continually heats up and cools down using convection currents.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 24

Find the Sun in the picture. You know that Earth is traveling around the Sun in our solar system. Our solar system is contained within the ________________, along with billions of stars, gas, and dust.

Accepted Answer

Milky Way Galaxy

Answer

Andromeda Galaxy

Answer

Orion Nebula

Answer

Big Dipper

Question 25

What is a galaxy?

Accepted Answer

a cluster of stars, planets, gas, and dust all held together by gravity

Answer

all the billions of stars that exist in space

Answer

a cluster of millions of stars in a definite pattern in space

Answer

one or more planets orbiting around a star, similar to our Sun

Question 26

Sun - Mercury - Venus -_______

Which planet follows Venus in the sequence of planets orbiting the Sun?

Accepted Answer

Earth

Answer

Mars

Answer

Jupiter

Answer

Saturn

Question 27

Which sentence tells why the Sun looks bigger and brighter from Earth than the other stars?

Accepted Answer

The Sun is the only star in our Solar System.

Answer

The Sun is the hottest star.

Answer

The Sun gives off the most light.

Answer

The Sun can only be seen in the day.

Question 28

Consider the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram seen here. We can use this diagram to classify stars and determine their characteristics. The color of a star is determined by its temperature: the hottest stars are blue, and the coolest are red. The Sun has a surface temperature of 5,C, and it appears yellow. The diagram also indicates that temperature coincides with luminosity: the hotter the star, the higher the luminosity. You can also tell the size of each star from the graph as the larger the radius, the higher the temperature and luminosity.

Regardless of a star's position in the diagram, the energy that results in high temperatures and the star's luminosity is generated by what process?

Accepted Answer

Nuclear fusion

Answer

nuclear fission

Answer

Gravitational collapse

Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 29

Many of the stars we see in the night sky are called blue giants. They put out more energy and burn millions of times brighter than the Sun. Why does the Sun appear much larger and brighter from Earth than blue giant stars?

Accepted Answer

It is closer.

Answer

It is larger.

Answer

It is a different color.

Answer

It is a different temperature.

Question 30

Luminosity is the amount of energy emitted by a star each second. Stars radiate light over a broad range of frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum, from the low energy radio waves to high energy gamma rays. The luminosity of a star depends on two factors:

Accepted Answer

surface area and temperature.

Answer

age and surface area.

Answer

gravity and distance from Earth.

Answer

distance from Earth and temperature.

Question 31

Using the information provided in the data table; which planet would have the greatest gravitational pull?

Accepted Answer

Jupiter

Answer

Earth

Answer

The Sun

Answer

Neptune

Question 32

Which of these planets has the coldest surface temperature?

Accepted Answer

Neptune

Answer

Uranus

Answer

Mars

Answer

Saturn

Question 33

Why does Earth orbit the Sun rather than any other body in the solar system?

Accepted Answer

The Sun is the most massive object; gravitational attraction is related to mass.

Answer

The mutual repulsions among all the planets hold Earth in its orbit.

Answer

The Earth is closer to the Sun than other bodies in the solar system.

Answer

The rotational motions of all the planets, including Earth, cause them to remain in its orbit around the Sun.

Question 34

How are high tides, as shown above caused by the Moon?

Accepted Answer

The Moon's gravitational pull attracts and pulls the water towards it.

Answer

The Moon's light reflects off the water, causing it to rise.

Answer

The Moon's heat warms up the water, causing it to expand and rise.

Answer

The Moon's magnetic field pushes the water, creating high tides.

Question 35

What is the primary reason why the Moon causes daily ocean tides?

Accepted Answer

The Moon's gravitational force pulls on Earth's water, creating tidal bulges.

Answer

The Moon's proximity to Earth creates a vacuum effect, resulting in tidal fluctuations.

Answer

The Moon's orbital speed influences the rotation of Earth, leading to tidal variations.

Answer

The Moon's electromagnetic radiation interacts with Earth's atmosphere, causing tidal movements.

Question 36

Which phase must the moon be in for a solar eclipse to occur?

Accepted Answer

new moon

Answer

full moon

Answer

waning crescent

Answer

first quarter

Question 37

This photograph was taken as the moon was beginning to pass between the Earth and the Sun. When the Earth, moon, and sun align in perfect position, which phenomenon would the next picture show?

Accepted Answer

solar eclipse

Answer

full moon

Answer

lunar eclipse

Answer

waxing gibbous moon

Question 38

The model above shows sunlight that is directly hitting one side of the Earth during its winter season. Which sentence explains why this area is experiencing shorter hours of daylight?

Accepted Answer

The angle of the Earth's tilt points the hemisphere away from the Sun, making the days shorter during the winter season.

Answer

The angle of the Earth's tilt points the hemisphere towards the Sun, making the days longer during the winter season.

Answer

The angle of the Earth's tilt points the hemisphere away from the Sun, making the days longer during the winter season.

Answer

The angle of the Earth's tilt causes the hemispheres to experience the exact same number of daylight, no matter which season is happening.

Question 39

Which statement BEST describes the relationships between the Sun, Moon, and Earth?

Accepted Answer

Earth orbits the Sun, and the Moon orbits Earth.

Answer

Earth orbits the Moon, and the Sun orbits Earth.

Answer

The Sun orbits the Moon, and Earth orbits the Sun.

Answer

The Moon orbits the Sun, and Earth orbits the Moon.

Earth & Space Science- NGSSS

44 questions

The air surrounding Earth is considered part of which of following?

A polar ice cap would be considered part of which of following?

Mountains would be considered part of which of following?

The animals in a food web would be considered part of which of following?

In science class, students are learning how to tell the difference between weather and climate. Their teacher describes some examples of weather and some examples of climate. Which of these examples best represents climate and not weather?

Which of the following data would be most useful for describing the climate of a specific area?

The table below shows averages of temperature and precipitation for the past 20 years in an area in the United States.
For which of the following would these data be most useful?

A student lives in a city where the days are usually very warm and humid. However, yesterday was very cold and dry. Which statement is true about the city yesterday?

Which statement is a description of weather?

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Earth & Space Science- NGSSS

44 questions

The air surrounding Earth is considered part of which of following?

A polar ice cap would be considered part of which of following?

Mountains would be considered part of which of following?

The animals in a food web would be considered part of which of following?

In science class, students are learning how to tell the difference between weather and climate. Their teacher describes some examples of weather and some examples of climate. Which of these examples best represents climate and not weather?

Which of the following data would be most useful for describing the climate of a specific area?

The table below shows averages of temperature and precipitation for the past 20 years in an area in the United States.For which of the following would these data be most useful?

A student lives in a city where the days are usually very warm and humid. However, yesterday was very cold and dry. Which statement is true about the city yesterday?

Which statement is a description of weather?

Create a free account and access millions of resources

Similar Resources on Wayground

Popular Resources on Wayground

Discover more resources for Science

The table below shows averages of temperature and precipitation for the past 20 years in an area in the United States.
For which of the following would these data be most useful?