DOBT_Metabolic Engineering Esstentials_AK 01

Glucose-6-phosphate breakdown in the pentose phosphate pathway is for the production of

• ATP

• ADP

• NADPH

• NADP

The pathways of glucose metabolism provide, in the __________, the energy essential to oppose the forces of entropy and, in the ___________, biosynthetic precursors and a storage form of metabolic energy.

• catabolic direction, anabolic direction

• anabolic direction, catabolic direction

• glycolysis, gluconeogenesis

• gluconeogenesis, glycolysis

Major regulatory step in cholesterol biosynthesis is

• HMG-CoA synthase

• HMG-CoA reductase

• Thiokinase

• Mevalonate kinase

A schematic of a metabolic pathway is shown below.
Under which of the following conditions would stoichiometric amounts of end products K and L be obtained if a concerted feedback inhibition mechanism were in operation?

• D → E is inhibited at equal amounts of K and L; K inhibits F → H and L inhibits F → G

• K inhibits F → G and L inhibits F → H; D → E is inhibited at equal amounts of K and L
  

• D → E is inhibited at equal amount of G and H; K inhibits F → H and L inhibits F → G

• K inhibits F → H and L inhibits F → G.

Very rapid allosteric changes in enzyme activity are generally triggered locally, by changes in the local concentration of a small molecule. Which of the following molecules indicates the state of glycolysis at a given point of time?

• glucose

• ATP

• NADPH

• All of the above

The number of molecules of a given enzyme in a cell is a function of the relative rates of synthesis and degradation of that enzyme. The rate of synthesis can be adjusted by the activation of

• response element

• transcription factor

• cAMP

• Specific cell surface receptor

Equilibrium Constant and Mass-Action Coefficient of PFK-1 is

• 1 x 10^3 and
  3 x 10^-2

• 2 x 10^4 and
  40

• 1 x 10^3 and
  8 x 10^-2

• 3 x 10^-1 and 2.4 x 10^-1

In MODY2, a mutation in the hexokinase IV (glucokinase) gene affects the liver and pancreas, tissues in which this is the main isoform of hexokinase. The glucokinase of pancreatic b cells functions as a glucose sensor. Normally, when blood glucose rises, so does the glucose level in b cells, and because glucokinase has a relatively high Km for glucose,

• its activity decreases with rising blood glucose levels.

• its activity increases with lowering blood glucose levels.

• its activity decreases with constant blood glucose levels.

• its activity increases with rising blood glucose levels.

Choose the correct option?

• Biopharmaceuticals are largely derived from E. coli cells

• One of the major advantages of using E. coli as microbial cell factories is high growth rate of these bacterial cells

• Productivity is defined as the unit of products synthesized in per unit of time

• All of these

Identity the most appropriate method to ascertain the critical branch points in a metabolic pathway?

• Genetic analysis

• Growth kinetics

• Metabolic flux analysis

• Enzyme Activity