DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis Test

A nucleotide does NOT contain

• a 5-carbon sugar

• an amino acid

• a nitrogen base

• a phosphate group

According to Chargaff's rule of base pairing, which of the following is true about DNA?

• A = T and C = G

• A = C and T = G

• A = G and T = C

• A = T = C = G

The bonds that hold the two strands of DNA together come from

• the attraction of phosphate groups for each other

• strong bonds between nitrogenous bases and the sugar-phosphate backbone

• weak hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases

• carbon-to-carbon bonds in the sugar portion of the nucleotides

In prokaryotes, DNA molecules are located in the

• nucleus

• ribosomes

• cytoplasm

• histones

In eukaryotes, nearly all the DNA is found in the

• nucleus

• ribosomes

• cytoplasm

• histones

The diagram shows the process of DNA

• replication

• digestion

• transformation

• transpiration

The main enzyme in linking individual nucleotides into DNA molecules is

• DNA protease

• ribose

• carbohydrase

• DNA polymerase

The process by which the genetic code of DNA is copied into a strand of RNA is called

• translation

• transcription

• transformation

• replication

Which of the following describes RNA?

• RNA is usually double-stranded and contains the base thymine

• RNA is usually single-stranded and contains the base uracil

• RNA is longer than DNA and uses five bases to encode information

• RNA is made in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and stays there to carry out its functions

In messenger RNA, each codon specifies a particular

• nucleotide

• enzyme

• amino acid

• promoter