Exam 4- Chapter 15

Which of the following completes the list of the order of objects that light passes through to reach the retina.

cornea -> aqueous humor -> ______ -> lens -> vitreous humor

• pupil

• sclera

• retina

• visceral wall

Depth perception requires _____.

• identical images from two eyes

• the eyes to accomodate

• two slightly different images from each eye

• eyebrows and eyelids

• a biconcave lens

Describe the role of the pupil in vision.

• to absorb visible light

• to refract light onto the retina

• to alter the amount of light entering the eye

• 
  to change color with light intensity

Compare the functioning of rods to cones in the visual system.

• Rods collect all light hitting the retina and then cones process the resulting information to make color vision.

• Rods and cones detect the same wavelengths of light, but cones are found in the center of the retina, and rods on the periphery.

• Rods detect shades of grey and black, cones detect color.

• Cones detect movement and rods detect the shape of things.

In order to focus light on the retina by accommodation (for distant vision) __________.

• the cornea changes its shape

• extraocular muscles contract quickly

• the zonular fibres are tightened

• the ciliary muscle (body) contracts

Why are birds, unlike humans, able to see ultraviolet light?

• They have relatively longer optic nerves than humans.

• Their receptor cells are specialized to capture photons within this range of wavelengths.

• They have only cones and no rods, and can therefore see more color.

• Their eyes are more evolutionarily advanced than the human eye.

• Bird eyes have greater convergence of cones onto ganglionic cells.

Which of the following could increase one's ability to see at night?

• a decrease in the size of the pupil

• greater convergence of rod cells onto bipolar cells

• greater number of cones within the retina

• less convergence of rods onto bipolar cells

• greater convergence of rods onto ganglionic cells

Taste hairs on the tongue are also known as __________.

• stereocilia

• taste pore

• cilia

• microvilli

Which of the following receptor types is incorrectly paired with the respective special sense?

• photoreceptor, vision

• mechanoreceptor, audition

• 
  mechanoreceptor, balance

• mechanoreceptor, gustation

Which of these statements is false regarding sensory adaptation?

• It is the ability of a sensory receptor to become more sensitive in the continued presence of a stimulus.

• It functions to inhibit an overwhelming of the senses.

• It occurs at the level of the individual receptor cell.

• It occurs at the level of the central nervous system.

• None of the above