How have human activities, such as deforestation, influenced the rock cycle?

d. Human activities have caused the creation of more erosion and sediment, which makes sedimentary rock.

a. Human activities have caused more volcanic activity, which creates metamorphic rock.

b. Human activities have changed the composition of soil, which results in more metamorphic rock.

c. Human activities have caused more melting and cooling within Earth, which drives the rock cycle.

Which of these actions would most likely lead to desertification?

b. over-grazing by farm animals

d. controlled burning of protected areas

In some places, timber companies remove all the trees from entire hillsides when they are harvesting logs, and farmers till the soil in the fall and leave the ground bare of plants until it is time to plant in spring. What is the most likely effect of doing either of these things?

d. Decomposition will speed up.

Which of the following is not a result of global warming?

an increase in earth’s average temperature

The rock cycle is the process by which rocks of one kind change into rocks of other kinds. What must happen for a metamorphic rock to be transformed into an igneous rock?

It must be pulled under Earth's crust, melted, and forced out above the crust to cool.

It must be weathered into sand grains and compressed into multiple layers.

It must be soaked in water until it dissolves and reforms in a different shape.

It must be compressed by high temperatures and pressure within Earth's crust.

Physical weathering occurs when rock is physically broken down into smaller and smaller fragments. Chemical weathering occurs when the rock undergoes a chemical reaction and is changed into something new. Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?

When acid rain lands on limestone, the carbonic acid in the water breaks down the calcium carbonate in the limestone.

Roots of plants growing into cracks may put pressure on the surrounding rock, eventually breaking rocks apart as the roots grow.

When water in a river or stream moves quickly, it can lift up rocks from the bottom of that body of water. When the rocks drop back down they bump into other rocks, and tiny pieces of the rocks can break apart.

Many rock surfaces have small crevices on them. Water can freeze in these crevices when it is cold, and then melt when the weather is warmer. This repeated freezing and thawing creates ice wedges, which can cause rocks to break.

Which of the following best describes the process of condensation?

when water vapor cools to form liquid droplets in clouds

when plant leaves release water vapor

when water evaporates directly from glacial ice

when water turns to vapor and rises into the atmosphere

Climate change is resulting in increased global temperatures. How does increased heat energy affect the water cycle?

It causes the cycle to accelerate.

It causes the cycle to slow down.

It causes random variations in the cycle.

The diagram to right shows how temperature changes with altitude in the atmosphere. How does layer C of the atmosphere protect Earth’s surface?

D. The stratosphere contains the ozone layer which helps absorb the Sun’s radiation.

A. The mesosphere’s thickness helps break down meteors.

B. The stratosphere’s thickness helps break down meteors.

C. The mesosphere contains the ozone layer which helps absorb the Sun’s radiation.

In the diagram to the right, how does layer A support life on Earth?

C. The troposphere contains the gases we breathe and the water cycle we depend on.

A. The mesosphere’s thickness helps break down meteors.

B. The thermosphere shields us from dangerous radiation from the sun.

D. The stratosphere contains the ozone layer which helps absorb the suns radiation.

Earth’s atmosphere helps to maintain the various climates found around the world and keeps Earth from becoming extremely cold all over. How does the atmosphere help to keep Earth insulated and warm?

D. The atmosphere helps trap heat energy from the Sun and energy radiated from Earth to maintain the climate.

A. The atmosphere creates heat as Earth moves through space, helping to insulate Earth.

B. The atmosphere traps the heat generated by Earth’s core and helps maintain Earth’s climate.

C. The atmosphere helps spread the warmth from the water near the equator to other parts of Earth.

Wind is the movement of air within the atmosphere. Which of the following is the cause of wind?

D. uneven heating of Earth's surface

If you visit the beach on a hot summer day you will probably feel a sea breeze coming off the water onto the land. Which of the following causes this sea breeze?

During the day, solar radiation warms the land more than the water.

The water is warmer than the land during the day.

Hurricanes that form in the oceans blow air into the shore.

Earth is tilted toward the Sun, causing air to move inland from the water.

Different latitudes on Earth receive different amounts of solar energy. Which of the following explains why this happens?

The Sun's rays strike more directly over the equator than at the poles.

The Sun is hotter in the summer than in the winter.

Energy from the Sun is lost while travelling through space.

The Earth turns more quickly at the poles than it does at the equator.

Heat transfers through Earth’s systems in different ways. In which atmospheric action can we see evidence of conduction?

The surface of the Earth heats the air that contacts it.

Cold air pushes warm air upward, creating a current.

Radiation from the Sun heats the surface of the Earth.

Air increases in density and sinks back towards the Earth.

Thunderstorms are more common in some areas than in others. The map shows the average number of thunderstorms per year in different parts of the United States.

The areas with the highest number of thunderstorms per year are in the central and southeastern regions of the United States.

Thunderstorms are evenly distributed across the United States

The western region of the United States has the highest number of thunderstorms

Thunderstorms occur most frequently in the northern states of the United States

Which of the following best explains the difference in the number of thunderstorms in Florida and California?

The ocean currents near Florida are warmer than the ocean currents near California.

The state of Florida is smaller than the state of California.

The air in Florida is more stable than the air in California.

The air above Florida holds less moisture than the air above California.

Which of the following best explains a result of the seasonal shift of the jet stream?

In the winter, the polar jet stream allows warm air to move up into Canada.

In the winter, the polar jet stream allows cold air to move down into the central United States.

In the summer, the polar jet stream allows cold air to move down into the central United States.

In the summer, the polar jet stream allows warm air to move up into Canada.

When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, how does this affect the length of our day?

Our days are longer and our nights are shorter.

Our days are longer and our nights are longer.

Our days are shorter and our nights are longer.

The length of our days and nights are constant throughout the year.

All planets in our Solar System rotate on an axis. However, Venus has a very small axial tilt, so its poles are almost straight up and down. This means there is little difference in daylight in Venus's Northern and Southern Hemispheres during the year. Which of the following is a correct statement about Venus?

Venus has no seasons, because its axis is not tilted. The tilt is what causes seasons.

Seasons on Venus are backwards. Winters are very hot and summers are very cold.

Venus's seasons are very extreme. Summers are extremely hot and winters are exceptionally cold.

Venus's and Earth's seasons are exactly the same. The planets experience similar temperature changes.

The Sun’s energy warms the Earth more at the equator than at the poles. Which of the following best explains why?

Sunlight is less spread out near the equator.

Sunlight is more spread out near the equator.

The equator lacks ice, which reflects the sun’s energy.

The equator has more of a curved surface than the poles.

Refer to the provided diagram. The model above shows the ______ reason for the phases of the moon.

The revolution of the Moon around the Earth results in phases of the moon

Sunlight does not reach the Moon in all phases

The Moon’s revolution around the Earth is not a perfect circle

Only one side of the Moon faces Earth, due to rotation and revolution of the moon being about the same

Why don't solar eclipses happen every month?

The Moon’s orbit is slightly tilted compared to the Earth’s orbit, so Earth is not in the Moon’s shadow most months.

Earth’s orbit around the Sun is at a sharp angle, so Earth keeps out of the Moon’s shadow.

Earth’s tilt on its rotation axis keeps it from falling into the Moon’s shadow during most months.

The Moon’s orbit is irregular, and most of the time the Moon is too far away to cast a shadow on Earth.

The water level at the beach changes during the day. Which of the following most impacts the changes in water level?

The Moon’s gravitational pull

Gravity is a force that every mass exerts on every other mass. When you jump up in the air, not only does the Earth exert a gravitational force on you, but you also exert a gravitational force on the Earth. You, of course, fall back down to the Earth. Which of the following best explains why the Earth is not moving toward you when you jump up in the air?

C. Your mass is very small compared to Earth's mass.

A. Earth exerts a gravitational force on itself.

B. You don't weigh enough to affect Earth's surface.

D. Earth's fixed orbit around the Sun keeps it from moving.

Which situation would produce the largest gravitational force between two objects?

D. a 100-gram mass and a 1000-gram mass that are 0.5 meter apart

A. a 100-gram mass and a 500-gram mass that are 1 meter apart

B. a 100-gram mass and a 500-gram mass that are 0.5 meter apart

C. a 100-gram mass and a 1000-gram mass that are 1 meter apart

Why do temperatures on the moon’s surface vary more than temperatures on Earth’s surface?

B. The moon has very little atmosphere.

A. The moon has patches of ice.

C. The moon’s surface has many craters.

D. The moon has lower density than Earth.

A year is the amount of time it takes for a planet to orbit the Sun. If Earth is 1 astronomical unit (AU) away from the Sun, and Neptune is 30 AU away from the Sun, how does the length of a year on Earth compare to a year on Neptune?

B. A year on Earth is shorter than a year on Neptune because Earth is closer to the Sun.

A. A year is the same amount of time for all planets.

C. A year on Earth is shorter than a year on Neptune because Earth is smaller than Neptune.

D. A year on Neptune is shorter than on Earth, since Neptune is bigger and orbits the Sun faster.

Models of the Solar System have changed over time. Which of the following best describes the geocentric model of stars and planets?

The idea that stars and planets revolve around Earth.

The idea that planets revolve around the stars.

The idea that stars and planets revolve around the Sun.

The idea that planets and the stars revolve around the Moon.

Two stars are 100 light-years apart. What does this mean?

It takes 100 years for light to travel from one star to the other.

One of the stars formed 100 years before the other.

The stars are 100 million kilometers from one another.

It would take 100 years for a spaceship to travel between the two stars.

An astronomical unit (AU) is a unit of measure. For which of the following distances is an astronomical unit most appropriate?

distance between two planets in the Solar System

distance from the equator to the South Pole

distance from the Sun to the next closest star

SSA EOC Earth Science Review Quiz

Authored by Nicole Johnson

Science

8th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 11+ times

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60 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Interactions between layers of Earth cause convection currents to move crustal plates. In which layer of Earth are the convection currents that directly result in tectonic plate motion found?

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

NGSS.HS-ESS2-3

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

The Earth is made up of several large, slow-moving tectonic plates that sometimes cause earthquakes. Which layer of the Earth contains these large plates?

lithosphere

mantle

molten core

solid core

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

In some places on Earth, large continental plates are moving toward each other and collide with great force. One such place is where the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate meet. What type of formation most likely will occur where two continental plates collide?

canyon

earthquake

mountain range

rift valley

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

There are places on the surface of the Earth where two tectonic plates slide against each other, moving in opposite directions. Sometimes these plates become stuck and don't move for long periods of time, which causes a lot of energy to build between the two plates until there is too much energy and the plates slip, causing a sudden motion. What is the result of this sudden motion?

A. earthquakes

B. large valleys

C. mountains

D. volcanoes

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Jason lives on a ranch in Wyoming. There is a large sedimentary rock outcrop on the ranch. He found one fossil embedded in the rock near the top of the outcrop and another embedded in the rock almost at the bottom of the outcrop. What do their positions most likely tell him about the two fossils?

A. The lower fossil is older than the upper fossil

B. The upper fossil is older than the lower fossil

C. The upper fossil must be that of a climbing animal

D. The lower fossil must have washed down from the top.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

A scientist wants to find the actual, numerical age of a rock. What would be the most effective way to do this?

A. Count the numbers of fossils the rock contains

B. Measure the relative amounts of radioactive elements in it

C. Judge its position in the rock face relative to that of other rocks

D. Estimate how much of it has worn away since it formed originally.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Which of these daily human activities would have a beneficial impact on the environment?

a. letting water run while brushing teeth

b. leaving a ceiling fan on when departing a room

c. removing a nonnative, invasive plant species from a habitat

d. throwing away plastic bottles in containers designated for the landfill

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

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