Year 12 Biology Evidence for Evolution

A change in the inherited characteristics of an organism over time is ________

• evolution.
• development.
• growth.
• ancestry.

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The most recent ancestral form or species from which two different species evolved is known as ________________________.

• a common ancestor.
• an embryonic stage.
• development.
• evolution.

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Common ancestry relates to evolution because

• evolution only happens when there are common ancestors.
• Common ancestors make evolution happen more quickly.
• evolution can never take place with common ancestors.
• the more two organisms have in common, the more recent is their common ancestor during their evolution.

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Which of the following pieces of evolution evidence deals with comparing similar structures in various species?

• fossil record
• comparative embryology

• comparative genomics

• comparative anatomy

Humans, birds, whales, and lizards all have similar arm bones. What is the reason for this?

• The function of these bones is the same in all animals
• They live in similar environments
• They have a common ancestor
• All organisms resemble humans

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Does the presence of homologous structures in genetically different animals suggest common ancestry?

• Yes

• No

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What type of evidence are shown in the picture above?

• Fossils

• Comparative Embryology

• Homologous Structures

• Vestigial Structures

_________________ show clear changes in an organism over time, the environment organisms lived in, the time period the organism lived in, and where the organism lived.

• Comparative genomics

• Vestigial structures

• Fossils

• Homologous structures

The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?

• Fossil A and C are the same age
  
• Fossil B is older than fossil C
• Fossils A is older than fossil B
• Fossil D is older than fossil C

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A fossil of an extinct dinosaur is found and the anatomy of the fossil shows similarities to that of a bird. What could this mean?

• This is purely by chance and isn't significant
• The extinct dinosaur and modern bird share a common ancestor
• All dinosaurs evolved into birds and that's why there aren't any dinosaurs alive today
• Dinosaurs choose to fly, and evolved into birds to escape predation and capture food

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