EOC Review | DNA to Proteins

Label the nucleotide

a

b

c

Five carbon sugar

Nitrogen base

Amino acid

Phosphate group

I can use base pairing rules to complete the complementary strand of a DNA Molecule.

a

b

c

d

C

T

G

A

The sequence of bases on one strand of a DNA molecules is AGCCTAG. After replication of the strand of DNA, what is the sequence of nitrogen bases on the complementary strand?

• TCGCTAG

• TCGGGCA

• GATCCGA

• TCGGATC

Place the enzymes involved in DNA Replication in the correct order

• Ligase

• Primase

• DNA Helicase

• DNA Polymerase

Match the following

• Binds fragments together by addition of phosphates in the haps that remain in the backbone.

• DNA Polymerase

• Initiates replication by adding a short RNA fragment called a primer to the old strands

• DNA Primase

• Binds to the double stranded DNA and stimulates the separation of the two strands

• DNA Ligase

• Joins individual nucleotides to produce a new strand of DNA using the old strand as a template.

• DNA Helicase

At what point in the cell cycle does DNA replication occur and why?

• before a cell divides, to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA instructions

• before a cell divides, to ensure that the DNA will fit into the resulting cells

• during cell division, to ensure that the DNA will fit into the resulting cells

• after a cell divides, to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA instructions

During DNA replication, the DNA molecule produces two new complementary strands. DNA replication is often described as semiconservative because each DNA molecule has one new strand and one original strand. Which enzyme begins the process of replication by unwinding the double helix?

• DNA polymerase

• Helicase

• Primase

• DNA ligase

Label the parts!

b

c

d

a

Replication fork

Primase

RNA primer

Helicase

Which of the following statements explains the importance of enzymes that check for and repair mistakes during DNA replication?

• The enzymes replace the DNA with RNA.

• The enzymes speed up the rate of RNA synthesis.

• The enzymes remove many recessive gene copies from the nucleus.

• The enzymes prevent many genetic mutations from being expressed.

The diagram shows DNA replication. Which of the following statements about the process shown is true?

• Two new molecules form that are identical to the original molecule.

• Two new molecules form that are different from the original molecule.

• The original molecule is rearranged into one new molecule.

• Two new molecules form, one of which is identical to the original molecule.