Quiz about Earth Science: Weathering, Erosion, Deposition and Landforms

Question 1

A fast-moving river carries rocks downstream.

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Deposition

Question 2

Waves dropping sand on the beach.

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Question 3

Flood water pounds against a wall and wears it down.

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Question 4

Wind blowing sand from one location to another.

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Deposition

Question 5

Layers of sediment forming at the bottom of the ocean.

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Question 6

Rainwater enters the cracks of a rock, freeze, and causes the rock to break apart.

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Question 7

The soil from a hillside is washed away by rain.

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Deposition

Question 8

The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves weathered rock and soil from one place to another.

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Weathering

Question 9

How is physical weathering different from chemical weathering?

Accepted Answer

Chemical weathering changes the chemical composition of rocks; physical weathering does not.

Answer

Chemical weathering happens over much shorter time frame than physical weathering.

Answer

Chemical weathering occurs only in tropical climates; physical weathering occurs only in cool climates.

Answer

Chemical weathering occurs only in the mountains; physical weathering occurs only on flat land.

Question 10

Fastest chemical weathering =

Accepted Answer

hotter, humid environments

Answer

colder, dry environments

Answer

colder, humid environments

Answer

hotter, dry environments

Question 11

Fastest physical weathering =

Accepted Answer

colder, wet environments

Answer

colder, dry environments

Answer

hotter, dry environments

Answer

hotter, wet environments

Question 12

Frost action/Ice wedging = water seeps into cracks

Accepted Answer

freezes, expands, and widens cracks

Answer

freezes, contract, and narrows cracks

Answer

vaporizes, contract, and widens cracks

Answer

vaporizes, expands, and narrows cracks

Question 13

As weathering increases, sediment becomes

Accepted Answer

smaller, rounded, and smoother

Answer

smaller, angular, and rougher

Answer

larger, angular, and smoother

Answer

larger, rounded, and rougher

Question 14

Acid rain wearing away the face of a marble gravestone or statue is an example of?

Accepted Answer

chemical weathering

Answer

physical weathering

Question 15

The formation of stalactites and stalagmites in a cave as water mixed with carbon dioxide creates carbonic acid, which dissolves away the limestone, is an example of:

Accepted Answer

chemical weathering

Answer

physical weathering

Question 16

A piece of sandstone changing color (from brown to rusty red) from exposure to water and air is an example of:

Accepted Answer

chemical weathering

Answer

physical weathering

Question 17

Rocks along a riverbed that are smoothed from continuously moving water and sediment rubbing against them is an example of:

Accepted Answer

physical weathering

Answer

chemical weathering

Question 18

Weeds growing into the cracks in a sidewalk and the sidewalk begins to crumble is an example of:

Accepted Answer

physical weathering

Answer

chemical weathering

Question 19

How do plants weather rocks?

Accepted Answer

When roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock breaks.

Answer

Plants don't weather rocks.

Answer

When the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves, the rock breaks.

Question 20

Rate of weathering ___________ affected by climate, particles size, and mineral composition.

Accepted Answer

is

Answer

is not

Question 21

Smaller sediment has a _________________

Accepted Answer

larger surface area, and weathers faster

Answer

smaller surface area, and weathers slower

Answer

smaller surface area, and weathers faster

Answer

larger surface area, and weathers slower

Question 22

Soil =

Accepted Answer

all of the above

Answer

air

Answer

water

Answer

organic matter

Answer

weathered rock

Question 23

Soil is formed from

Accepted Answer

weathering and biological activity

Answer

erosion and water

Answer

weathering and erosion

Question 24

Residual soil = soil that

Accepted Answer

remains in place and has the same properties as the bedrock below.

Answer

moved and has the same properties as the bedrock below.

Answer

remains in place and has different properties from the bedrock below.

Answer

moved and has different properties from the bedrock below.

Question 25

Transported soil = __________________

Accepted Answer

moved and has different properties from the bedrock below.

Answer

remains in place and has the same properties as the bedrock below.

Question 26

Gravity/Mass Movement/Mass Wasting

sediments are _______________, _______________, and jagged

Accepted Answer

angular, unsorted

Answer

angular, sorted

Answer

rounded, sorted

Answer

rounded, unsorted

Question 27

A river that slows down as it approaches an ocean may form which of the following landforms?

Accepted Answer

Delta

Answer

Beach

Answer

Valley

Answer

Volcano

Question 28

What landform is created when a glacier slowly travels across the land?

Accepted Answer

Valley

Answer

Fault line

Answer

Canyon

Answer

Sandbar

Question 29

What agent of erosion causes dune deposits?

Accepted Answer

Wind

Answer

Ice

Answer

Water

Answer

Mr. Hampf

Question 30

Canyons are formed when...

Accepted Answer

A river floods and flows over land

Answer

water expands as it freezes and breaks the rock down

Answer

Wind blows sediments up to form the sides of the canyon

Answer

Bulldozers break down the middle of the canyon

Question 31

The higher the slope of the land, the...

Accepted Answer

More weathering and erosion

Answer

Less weathering and erosion

Answer

More vegetation in the area

Answer

Less deposition

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a property of sedimentary rocks

Accepted Answer

Air pockets

Answer

Layers

Answer

Different colors

Answer

shells or other fossils

Question 33

What are sediments?

Accepted Answer

Smaller pieces of rock

Answer

A type of peat

Answer

Dead organisms

Answer

Big boulders

Question 34

Which of the following landforms are found in a cave?

Accepted Answer

Column

Answer

Delta

Answer

Pool of water

Answer

Moraine

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT an example of a fossil fuel?

Accepted Answer

Wood

Answer

Natural Gas

Answer

Coal

Answer

Petroleum

Question 36

What processes form sedimentary rock?

Accepted Answer

Compaction and Cementation

Answer

Heat and Pressure

Answer

Compaction and Pressure

Answer

Compression and Deposition

Question 37

1.Dead ancient organisms

2.______________________

3.Heat and pressure added

Which of the following would be step 2 in forming fossil fuels?

Accepted Answer

Covered by sediment

Answer

Decomposed in the ground

Answer

Washed away by water

Answer

Compressed and compacted together

Question 38

Which layer is the youngest?

Accepted Answer

Permian

Answer

Cambrian

Answer

Devonian

Answer

Carboniferous

Question 39

Which layer would have the oldest fossil?

Accepted Answer

D

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Question 40

Which of the following landforms is an example of deposition?

Accepted Answer

Beach

Answer

Canyon

Answer

Trench

Answer

Horn

Question 41

Which of the following is formed when small pieces of sand get cemented together?

Accepted Answer

Sedimentary Rock

Answer

Fossil Fuels

Answer

Sand Rock

Answer

Igneous Rock

Question 42

This landform is created at the mouth of a river.

Accepted Answer

Delta

Answer

Canyon

Answer

Stalactites

Answer

Arete

Question 43

This landform is created by water freezing, cracking the rock, melting and carrying the rock away.

Accepted Answer

Valley

Answer

Canyon

Answer

Dune Deposit

Answer

Cavern

Question 44

A river cutting through the land will create this landform.

Accepted Answer

Canyon

Answer

Valley

Answer

Sandstone

Answer

Beach

Question 45

Wind and dry conditions can build up this landform(s)

Accepted Answer

Dune Deposit

Answer

Stalagmite and Stalactite

Answer

Moraine

Answer

Volcano

Question 46

Which of the following is a fossil fuel that is a solid?

Accepted Answer

Coal

Answer

Natural Gas

Answer

Oil

Answer

Petroleum

Question 47

Landforms that are beneath the ocean are called

Accepted Answer

oceanic landforms

Answer

ocean mountains

Answer

continental landforms

Answer

Earth's features

Question 48

What mountain is formed when tectonic plates collide and push upwards?

Accepted Answer

Folded Mountain

Answer

Volcano

Answer

Dome Mountain

Answer

Block Mountain

Question 49

What mountain is formed when tectonic plates collide and one plate pushes upward and the other plates pushes downward?

Accepted Answer

Block Mountain

Answer

Volcano

Answer

Folded Mountain

Answer

Dome Mountain

Question 50

What mountain is formed when magma pushes on Earth's surface and break through?

Accepted Answer

Volcano

Answer

Folded Mountain

Answer

Dome Mountain

Answer

Block Mountain

Question 51

What mountain is formed when magma pushes on Earth's surface but does not break through?

Accepted Answer

Dome Mountain

Answer

Volcano

Answer

Folded Mountain

Answer

Block Mountain

Question 52

Which process best describes the formation of a delta.

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Question 53

What agent of change caused the SEA arch?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Mud

Answer

Glacier

Question 54

What landform is this?

Accepted Answer

glacial grooves

Answer

dune

Answer

floodplain

Answer

valley

Question 55

What landform is this?

Accepted Answer

floodplain

Answer

dune

Answer

plain

Answer

mountain

Question 56

Question 56.

Accepted Answer

sinkhole

Answer

mountain

Answer

island

Answer

lake

Question 57

Which type of landform is this

Accepted Answer

Glacier

Answer

Mountain

Answer

Hill

Answer

Valley

Question 58

What landform is this?

Accepted Answer

spring

Answer

glacial grooves

Answer

dune

Answer

floodplain

Question 59

21. In the New York State rock record, there is no bedrock from the Permian Period. Which two other entire geologic periods have no sediment or bedrock in the NYS rock record?

Accepted Answer

Paleogene and Neogene Periods

Answer

Cretaceous and Quaternary Periods

Answer

Triassic and Jurassic Periods

Answer

Mississippian and Pennsylvanian Periods

Question 60

23. Which diagram best represents the general stream drainage pattern of this entire region?

Accepted Answer

Option C is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

B.

Answer

D.

Question 61

24. Compared to a landscape that develops in a cool, dry climate, a landscape that develops in a warm, rainy climate will most likely weather and erode

Accepted Answer

faster, so the landforms are more rounded

Answer

slower, so the landforms are more angular

Answer

slower, so the landforms are more rounded

Answer

faster, so the landforms are more angular

Question 62

28. This elongated hill is best identified as a

Accepted Answer

drumlin

Answer

kettle

Answer

moraine

Answer

sand dune

Question 63

29. The result of this glacial action will be a

Accepted Answer

U-shaped valley with scratched and grooved

bedrock

Answer

U-shaped valley with well-sorted, rounded

sediment

Answer

V-shaped valley with scratched and grooved bedrock

Answer

V-shaped valley with well-sorted, rounded sediment

Question 64

30. Which element is always found in bioclastic sedimentary rocks?

Accepted Answer

carbon

Answer

iron

Answer

sodium

Answer

sulfur

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