Unit 4: Understanding Protein Synthesis from DNA

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

• It acts as an enzyme to speed up chemical reactions.

• It carries amino acids to the ribosome.

• It carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome.

• It transfers amino acids to form proteins.

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins mentioned in the text?

• Acting as enzymes

• Transporting molecules

• Storing genetic information

• Structural support

What is the first step of protein synthesis?

• Transcription

• Translation

• Modification

• Replication

Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome?

• rRNA

• hrRNA

• tRNA

• mRNA

What does a codon do in the process of translation?

• It replicates DNA segments.

• It specifies an amino acid to be added to the growing protein chain.

• It binds to amino acids directly.

• It signals the end of protein synthesis.

Which of the following is considered the 'start codon'?

• CCA

• AUG

• UAC

• GGU

What happens when a stop codon is reached during translation?

• A new ribosome is formed.

• The protein synthesis is terminated.

• The DNA replication begins.

• The ribosome pauses protein synthesis.

What is the main function of RNA polymerase during transcription?

• It folds proteins into their functional shapes.

• It transports mRNA out of the nucleus.

• It binds RNA bases to DNA.

• It breaks down the mRNA.

Which molecule is described as being 'single stranded' in the context of protein synthesis?

• rRNA

• mRNA

• DNA

• tRNA

What is the role of peptide bonds in protein synthesis?

• They convert DNA to RNA.

• They link amino acids together.

• They bind mRNA to the ribosome.

• They help replicate DNA.