5th GRADE FAST REVIEW DAY FOUR (all benchmarks)

Passage 1: George Crum by Jim Whiting

Sometimes in restaurants people send their food back to the kitchen. They may say it’s too raw or cooked too much. Perhaps they don’t like the seasoning. Restaurants want to keep their customers happy. Almost always they fulfill the request and provide the diner with something that is more to his or her liking.

That wasn’t quite the case at the Moon Lake Lodge restaurant in Saratoga Springs, New York, one day in 1853. A diner had ordered what were known as “potatoes in the French manner.” They had been introduced in this country more than half a century earlier. Thomas Jefferson, who became the third United States president in 1801, had been the American ambassador to France after the Revolutionary War. He liked French cooking. When he returned home, he brought many recipes with him.

The recipe for “potatoes in the French manner” was one of them. The instructions called for the potatoes to be sliced into thick wedges. That way they could be eaten with a fork. Many people thought it was bad manners to eat with their fingers. This was especially true of the patrons of the Moon Lake Lodge. Nearly all were very wealthy.

On this occasion, the diner said the potatoes were too thick. They weren’t crunchy enough to suit his taste. He wanted them to be sliced a little bit thinner.

It took a certain amount of courage to send food back to the kitchen at the Moon Lake Lodge. George Crum, the chef, had a reputation for being bad-tempered. . . .

Crum may have grumbled, but he complied with the request. He took out a new batch of potatoes and sliced them a little thinner than he usually did. But the diner still wasn’t satisfied. Again he sent them back.

It must have seemed like a personal insult to Crum. He decided to get revenge. He sliced the potatoes as thin as he possibly could. Then he fried them in grease. They were now so crisp that they couldn’t be eaten with a fork. Crum probably chuckled to himself as the waiter picked up this new batch and took it to the customer.

His plan backfired. Apparently the diner didn’t mind using his fingers. He ate Crum’s offering and thought it was delicious. He wasn’t the only one. Other customers saw how much the diner had enjoyed this new way of preparing potatoes. They quickly ordered the same thing. Word soon spread. Within a short time, “Saratoga Chips”—or “potato crunches” as Crum himself called his creation—became very popular in the region.

Several decades later, the entire country would become very fond of what Crum had introduced simply as a way of getting even. By then Crum’s potatoes had become known as potato chips. Today they are one of the best-selling foods in the United States.

In Passage 1, what was a result of the creation of Crum’s new potato dish?

• He made cooking with grease more popular.

• He figured out a new way to slice vegetables.

• He changed what people thought were good manners.

• He created recipes that mixed food from two countries.

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Passage 1: George Crum by Jim Whiting

Sometimes in restaurants people send their food back to the kitchen. They may say it’s too raw or cooked too much. Perhaps they don’t like the seasoning. Restaurants want to keep their customers happy. Almost always they fulfill the request and provide the diner with something that is more to his or her liking.

That wasn’t quite the case at the Moon Lake Lodge restaurant in Saratoga Springs, New York, one day in 1853. A diner had ordered what were known as “potatoes in the French manner.” They had been introduced in this country more than half a century earlier. Thomas Jefferson, who became the third United States president in 1801, had been the American ambassador to France after the Revolutionary War. He liked French cooking. When he returned home, he brought many recipes with him.

The recipe for “potatoes in the French manner” was one of them. The instructions called for the potatoes to be sliced into thick wedges. That way they could be eaten with a fork. Many people thought it was bad manners to eat with their fingers. This was especially true of the patrons of the Moon Lake Lodge. Nearly all were very wealthy.

On this occasion, the diner said the potatoes were too thick. They weren’t crunchy enough to suit his taste. He wanted them to be sliced a little bit thinner.

It took a certain amount of courage to send food back to the kitchen at the Moon Lake Lodge. George Crum, the chef, had a reputation for being bad-tempered. . . .

Crum may have grumbled, but he complied with the request. He took out a new batch of potatoes and sliced them a little thinner than he usually did. But the diner still wasn’t satisfied. Again he sent them back.

It must have seemed like a personal insult to Crum. He decided to get revenge. He sliced the potatoes as thin as he possibly could. Then he fried them in grease. They were now so crisp that they couldn’t be eaten with a fork. Crum probably chuckled to himself as the waiter picked up this new batch and took it to the customer.

His plan backfired. Apparently the diner didn’t mind using his fingers. He ate Crum’s offering and thought it was delicious. He wasn’t the only one. Other customers saw how much the diner had enjoyed this new way of preparing potatoes. They quickly ordered the same thing. Word soon spread. Within a short time, “Saratoga Chips”—or “potato crunches” as Crum himself called his creation—became very popular in the region.

Several decades later, the entire country would become very fond of what Crum had introduced simply as a way of getting even. By then Crum’s potatoes had become known as potato chips. Today they are one of the best-selling foods in the United States.

Which detail in Passage 1 supports the author's claim that restaurants want to keep their customers happy?

• Crum sliced each potato carefully.

• Crum made the potato dish twice.

• Crum fried the potatoes in grease.

• Crum made the potatoes too thick.

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Passage 2: What’s the Real Story Behind Potato Chips? by Nellie Mayhouse

Sometimes, mistakes can be very good things. Chocolate chip cookies were created by accident. Popsicles were created by chance too! They are now both popular treats. Salty snacks can also take us by surprise. For example, who put the crunch in the potato chip? The answer might depend on whom you ask.

Legend Has It

One story explains that a man named George Crum invented the first potato chip. He was a chef at a New York restaurant. In 1853, it is said that a wealthy customer—possibly Cornelius Vanderbilt, the railroad billionaire—came to the restaurant and ordered fried potatoes.

The person was unhappy with the potatoes he had been served and sent them back to the kitchen. He insisted that the chef (Crum) remake the dish. Crum was known as a bit of a hothead and decided to teach the customer a lesson. He sliced the potatoes as thin as he could and stuck them in the fryer. Pleased with his plan, Crum sent the greasy creation to the table. Unfortunately for him, but fortunately for us, Crum got word that the customer absolutely loved the crisp dish. These over-fried bits would go on to be known as potato chips.

Fact or Fiction?

As with every legend, there are many different sides to the same story. George Crum had a sister named Katherine who also worked at the Moon Lake Lodge restaurant. Some people believe that it was actually Katherine who dropped a slice of potato into the pot of hot fat and fished it out. She was, therefore, the creator of the first potato chip.

Another possibility comes from across the pond in England. A doctor named William Kitchiner wrote a cookbook way back in 1817 called The Cook’s Oracle. Within that cookbook is a recipe for “Potatoes Fried in Slices or Shavings.” It tells the home chef to slice the potatoes about a quarter-inch thick and to fry them in lard or oil until they are crisp.

Popular as Ever

Today, the potato chip industry is worth over a whopping $31 billion! That’s a lot of money, and a lot of chips. Potato chips can come in many different styles and flavors. They can be found at grocery stores all around the world. While questions remain over the true creator of the potato chip, the chips themselves are unquestionable.

In Passage 2, what do the subheadings Legend Has It and Fact or Fiction show?

• Potato chips were a family invention.

• Potato chips are from different countries.

• Potato chips have mysterious beginnings.

• Potato chips can be eaten in different ways.

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Passage 2: What’s the Real Story Behind Potato Chips? by Nellie Mayhouse

Sometimes, mistakes can be very good things. Chocolate chip cookies were created by accident. Popsicles were created by chance too! They are now both popular treats. Salty snacks can also take us by surprise. For example, who put the crunch in the potato chip? The answer might depend on whom you ask.

Legend Has It

One story explains that a man named George Crum invented the first potato chip. He was a chef at a New York restaurant. In 1853, it is said that a wealthy customer—possibly Cornelius Vanderbilt, the railroad billionaire—came to the restaurant and ordered fried potatoes.

The person was unhappy with the potatoes he had been served and sent them back to the kitchen. He insisted that the chef (Crum) remake the dish. Crum was known as a bit of a hothead and decided to teach the customer a lesson. He sliced the potatoes as thin as he could and stuck them in the fryer. Pleased with his plan, Crum sent the greasy creation to the table. Unfortunately for him, but fortunately for us, Crum got word that the customer absolutely loved the crisp dish. These over-fried bits would go on to be known as potato chips.

Fact or Fiction?

As with every legend, there are many different sides to the same story. George Crum had a sister named Katherine who also worked at the Moon Lake Lodge restaurant. Some people believe that it was actually Katherine who dropped a slice of potato into the pot of hot fat and fished it out. She was, therefore, the creator of the first potato chip.

Another possibility comes from across the pond in England. A doctor named William Kitchiner wrote a cookbook way back in 1817 called The Cook’s Oracle. Within that cookbook is a recipe for “Potatoes Fried in Slices or Shavings.” It tells the home chef to slice the potatoes about a quarter-inch thick and to fry them in lard or oil until they are crisp.

Popular as Ever

Today, the potato chip industry is worth over a whopping $31 billion! That’s a lot of money, and a lot of chips. Potato chips can come in many different styles and flavors. They can be found at grocery stores all around the world. While questions remain over the true creator of the potato chip, the chips themselves are unquestionable.

Which sentence from Passage 2 suggests that the author thinks potato chips are delicious?

• "They are now both popular treats" (paragraph 10)

• "Unfortunately for him, but fortunately for us, Crum got word that the customer absolutely loved the crisp dish." (paragraph 12)

• "These over-fried bits would go on to be known as potato chips." (paragraph 12)

• "Today, the potato chip industry is worth over a whopping 31 billion!" (paragraph 15)

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Passage 2: What’s the Real Story Behind Potato Chips? by Nellie Mayhouse

Sometimes, mistakes can be very good things. Chocolate chip cookies were created by accident. Popsicles were created by chance too! They are now both popular treats. Salty snacks can also take us by surprise. For example, who put the crunch in the potato chip? The answer might depend on whom you ask.

Legend Has It

One story explains that a man named George Crum invented the first potato chip. He was a chef at a New York restaurant. In 1853, it is said that a wealthy customer—possibly Cornelius Vanderbilt, the railroad billionaire—came to the restaurant and ordered fried potatoes.

The person was unhappy with the potatoes he had been served and sent them back to the kitchen. He insisted that the chef (Crum) remake the dish. Crum was known as a bit of a hothead and decided to teach the customer a lesson. He sliced the potatoes as thin as he could and stuck them in the fryer. Pleased with his plan, Crum sent the greasy creation to the table. Unfortunately for him, but fortunately for us, Crum got word that the customer absolutely loved the crisp dish. These over-fried bits would go on to be known as potato chips.

Fact or Fiction?

As with every legend, there are many different sides to the same story. George Crum had a sister named Katherine who also worked at the Moon Lake Lodge restaurant. Some people believe that it was actually Katherine who dropped a slice of potato into the pot of hot fat and fished it out. She was, therefore, the creator of the first potato chip.

Another possibility comes from across the pond in England. A doctor named William Kitchiner wrote a cookbook way back in 1817 called The Cook’s Oracle. Within that cookbook is a recipe for “Potatoes Fried in Slices or Shavings.” It tells the home chef to slice the potatoes about a quarter-inch thick and to fry them in lard or oil until they are crisp.

Popular as Ever

Today, the potato chip industry is worth over a whopping $31 billion! That’s a lot of money, and a lot of chips. Potato chips can come in many different styles and flavors. They can be found at grocery stores all around the world. While questions remain over the true creator of the potato chip, the chips themselves are unquestionable.

Which sentence best summarizes Passage 2?

• Several people helped make potato chips as popular as they are today.

• Which type of potato chip is best is a topic that will continue to be argued over for a long time.

• While there are many different stories about how chips were made, everyone can agree that they are a popular snack.

• An accident in a restaurant kitchen caused an invention that inspires people around the world to use potatoes in different ways.

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The Road Not Taken

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,

And sorry I could not travel both

And be one traveler, long I stood

And looked down one as far as I could

To where it bent in the undergrowth;

Then took the other, as just as fair,

And having perhaps the better claim,

Because it was grassy and wanted wear;

Though as for that the passing there

Had worn them really about the same,

And both that morning equally lay

In leaves no step had trodden black.

Oh, I kept the first for another day!

Yet knowing how way leads on to way,

I doubted if I should ever come back.

I shall be telling this with a sigh

Somewhere ages and ages hence:

Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—

I took the one less traveled by,

And that has made all the difference.

In the poem, the repetition of "Two roads diverged" emphasizes the idea that...

• the speaker enjoys walking

• the speaker is trying to make a choice

• the speaker wants to drive on a road

• the speaker is going on a trip

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What type of text structure shows how two or more things are alike and different?

• chronological

• compare and contrast

• description

• problem and solution

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The _____ is the events and actions in the story that move it forward.

• plot

• character perspective

• theme

• author's purpose

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The _____ is when and where the story takes place.

• plot

• important events

• characters

• setting

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What does the word furious mean in the sentence below?

I was furious when I found out my computer was broken.

• worried

• surprised

• angry

• puzzled

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