The standard deviation is the most useful measure of variation in a set of data because it tells us

• how much individual scores differ from the mean

• the difference between the highest and lowest scores in the set

• the extent to which the sample being used deviates from the bigger population it represnts

• how much scores differ from the mode

Dr. Mattar is interested in knowing more about brain injury to the occipital cortex, and he studies patients individually in order to gain in-depth knowledge about their behaviors. These studies would best be described as ________.

• case studies

• correlational

• cross-sectional

• surveys

A group of researchers investigated the effects of two vocabulary learning strategies on word retention two weeks later. In this example, learning strategy is the ​ (a)   variable and word retention is the ​ (b)   variable.

• independent
• dependent
• control
• experimental

Stan and Jenny are in a psychology course that requires them to repeat an experiment that researchers have conducted in the past, in order to determine whether they produce the same results. This is called ________.

• replication

• inter-rater reliability

• standardization

• validity

What is the range of the following: 12, 25, 33, 40, 80?

• 68

• 98

• 33

• 38

An upper-level psychology class is conducting an experiment on racial prejudice that involves having participants rate the likeability of faces in a set of photos. However, they tell participants that the study is about the effects of aging on likeability. When participants are finished, they are thanked for their time and leave the experiment. In this example, the class forgot to ​ (a)   in order to resolve the ​ (b)   in the study.

• debrief participants
• deception
• pay participants
• get informed consent
• ageist attitudes
• unfair questions
• use of personal photos

___________ ___________ __________ involves random allocation of participants into groups and a comparison b/w these groups.

• Repeated measures design

• Matched pair design

• Independent measures design

• Correlational measures design

___________ __________ _________ is used when the same group of participants is exposed to 2 or more conditions and the conditions are compared.

• Matched pair design

• Independent measures design

• Repeated measures design

• Correlational measures design

_____________ refers to the extent to which findings can be generalized from the experiment to other settings or situations.

• Internal validity

• Ecological validity

• Population validity

_______________ _________________ are conducted in a real life setting. The researcher manipulates the IV, but the participants are in their natural setting.

• Natural exp.

• Field exp.

• Lab exp.

• Case study