Cold War & Decolonization Review

Which two countries were the superpowers during the Cold War?

• United States and United Kingdom

• United States and Soviet Union

• United Kingdom and France

• Soviet Union and China

What made the Cold War "cold"?

• It was fought in cold regions like Siberia

• The US and Soviet Union never directly fought each other

• Nuclear weapons made the war metaphorically cold

• It ended with the fall of the Berlin Wall

What is decolonization?

• The process of colonies gaining independence

• The spread of communism in developing countries

• The division of Germany after World War II

• The race to develop nuclear weapons

What was the purpose of the Marshall Plan?

• To provide economic aid to rebuild Europe after WWII

• To establish NATO as a military alliance

• To support decolonization in Asia and Africa

• To contain the spread of capitalism in Europe

What was the purpose of forming NATO?

• To promote economic cooperation in Europe

• To create a collective defense system against Soviet aggression

• To support decolonization movements

• To establish a nuclear-weapon-free zone in Europe

How did the Soviets respond to the formation of NATO?

• They joined NATO as a member

• They created the Warsaw Pact as a counterbalance

• They withdrew from the United Nations

• They signed a non-aggression pact with the United States

What was the nuclear arms race?

• A competition between the US and USSR to develop nuclear energy

• A race to send the first human to the moon

• A rivalry between the US and USSR to build more powerful nuclear weapons

• A competition to establish military bases around the world

What does the concept of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) refer to?

• The idea that a nuclear war would destroy both the attacker and defender

• The theory that the US and USSR would eventually destroy each other economically

• The belief that the Cold War would inevitably turn into a hot war

• The notion that proxy wars would lead to mutual destruction of the superpowers

Who emerged victorious in the Chinese Civil War?

• The Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) led by Chiang Kai-shek

• The Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong

• The Japanese forces that occupied China during WWII

• The United States, which supported the Nationalists

What was the purpose of the Cultural Revolution in China?

• To promote cultural exchange with Western countries

• To purge traditional elements from Chinese society

• To encourage religious freedom and diversity

• To establish a multi-party democratic system