Understanding DNA Mutations and Their Effects

What is a mutation in the context of DNA?

• A superhero power

• A change in DNA sequence

• A type of virus

• A cell division process

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What happens if a mutation occurs in a gene coding for an enzyme?

• The enzyme duplicates

• The enzyme might not fold correctly

• The enzyme changes color

• The enzyme increases activity

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How can mutations affect an organism's phenotype?

• By altering gene expression

• By changing skin color only

• By creating new cells

• By increasing DNA quantity

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What is natural selection?

• A genetic engineering tool

• A process to select the best adapted organisms

• A type of mutation

• A laboratory technique

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Why might a mutation causing white fur be disadvantageous to mice in the wild?

• It makes them larger

• It makes them faster

• It makes them more visible to predators

• It makes them less visible to predators

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How do bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics?

• By temperature changes

• By physical barriers

• Through natural selection

• By consuming nutrients

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A permanent change in the DNA sequence

which can affect a single gene or group of genes

• Homeostasis

• Somatic Cell

• Chromosomal Mutation

• Gene Mutation

Answer explanation

A gene mutation refers to a permanent change in the DNA sequence that can affect a single gene or group of genes, making it the correct choice in this context.

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Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?

• They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence

• They insert things that an organism doesn't need.

• They often delete things that organisms need.

• Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

Answer explanation

They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence

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What causes mutations that can lead to cancer?

• exercise

• UV light

• radiation

• water

• genetics

Answer explanation

Mutations that can lead to cancer are caused by UV light, radiation, and genetics. These factors can alter DNA and lead to abnormal cell growth, increasing the risk of cancer development.

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