Fuel for a Healthy Body (5.2-5.5)

Match the following terms to their correct definition.

• Protein

• Nutrients which help the body store energy, make cell parts, and use certain vitamins

• Fats and oils

• Nutrients which help the body grow, repair, and replace cells and that help build muscle tissue

• Carbohydrates

• Nutrients which are sugars and starches; The body's main source of energy

• Vitamins

• Nutrients which support the body systems' normal function and development

• Minerals

• Nutrients which are natural elements that regulate the body systems

The (a)   in food help you grow, have energy, and stay healthy.

• nutrients

• calories

• sugar

There are two main kinds of fats: saturated fats and unsaturated fats. (a)   fats are healthier and help prevent heart disease and some types of diabetes.

• Unsaturated

• Saturated

What is the most common mineral found in the body?

• Iron
• Calcium
• Potassium
• Sodium

Match each type of mineral to its correct description.

• Calcium

• Helps the thyroid

• Iodine

• Builds strong bones and teeth

• Potassium

• Helps the circulatory system and balances fluids in the body

• Iron

• Helps the nervous system and regulates muscle contractions

• Magnesium

• Helps the body build healthy blood

What helps maintain a proper balance of potassium in the body?

• Water

• Sodium

• Calcium

• Magnesium

Answer explanation

You probably get the sodium you need from table salt. To keep the amounts of potassium and sodium well balanced, eat more fruits and vegetables and fewer salty foods.

Makes each vitamin its correct description.

• Vitamin D

• Keeps skin and eyes healthy; Found in foods that come from animals and in green/deep yellow fruits and vegetables

• Vitamin A

• Helps the body resist and fight infection; Helps the body repair itself

• Vitamin K

• Protects cell from damage and helps the body use nutrients from food

• Vitamin C

• Builds strong bones and teeth; Body makes it when rays of sunlight fall on skin; Sunshine Vitamin

• Vitamin E

• Helps blood to clot

What vitamin has 8 different types and is especially important to the way your body digests food and uses it for energy? It also makes healthy cells and tissue, and the nervous and circulatory systems need this vitamin to function well.

• Vitamin C
• Vitamin B
• Vitamin D
• Vitamin K

Label the MyPlate diagram to show the five food groups.

a

b

c

d

e

Vegetables

Fruits

Dairy

Grains

Protein

Answer explanation

Half the foods you eat should be fruits and vegetables. Eating a variety of vegetables will ensure you get the most vitamins and minerals. Fruits are naturally sweet and contain important vitamins.

What type of products are calcium and vitamin D found in?

• Meat products
• Fish products
• Dairy products
• Fruit products

Answer explanation

Dairy products include milk and food from milk, such as yogurt and cheese.