[EC USMLE] S2.6 - Pulmonary ventilation

Look at the graph and choose true statements

• Lung compliance is the same during inspiration and expiration
• Lung compliance is highest at the start of inspiration
• At any given pressure, lung volume during inhalation is less than or equal to lung volume during exhalation.
• Saline filled lungs is more compliant than air filled lungs

Which of the following factors does NOT decrease lung compliance

• Fibrosis
• Surfactant
• Elastin
• Surface Tension

What are some characteristics of thoracic cage

• Elastic
• Open
• Tender
• Viscous

Which one is NOT a fraction of inspiration

• Compliance work
• Elastic work
• Airway-resistance work
• Tissue Complicance work

How many processes are there in respiration?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Which one is the True statement

• The contraction and expansion of our lungs can be done in 3 ways
• In normal quiet breathing, the diaphragm is the only required muscle
• All of the muscles that elevate chest cage can be called muscles of inspiration
• Because of the continuous breathing process, there cannot be a period when there’s no air flow in our lungs

What’s the most important muscles that raise the rib-cage?

• External Intercostal
• Sternocleidomastoid
• Anterior Serrati
• Scaleni

Which statement is true:

• The contractile force of water surface forces the air out of the alveoli
• Surfactant increases surface tension of water
• Type II alveolar epithelial cell is the most popular cell in the the surface area of the alveoli
• Surfactant only consist of phospholipid

Which mainly cause the reduce of surface tension by surfactant

• dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine
• surfactant apoproteins
• calcium ions

Which statement is false

• Premature infants usually have smaller alveolar radius than adult
• Respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn is caused when the premature infants have no or little surfactant in the alveoli
• The alveolar pressure increases when radius of alveolus increases
• The alveolar pressure decreases when surface tension decreases