Understanding Earth's Geology: A Crash Course

What is the primary material that spews from active volcanoes and forms rocks?

• Water

• Mineral

• Sediment

• Magma

What is the thinnest layer of Earth?

• Crust

• Mantle

• Outer core

• Inner core

Which type of crust is denser?

• Neither, they are the same

• Depends on the mineral content

• Oceanic crust

• Continental crust

What is the main component of the Earth's core?

• Silicon

• Iron

• Oxygen

• Carbon

Which type of rock is formed from magma that cools beneath Earth's surface?

• Sedimentary

• Metamorphic

• Extrusive igneous

• Intrusive igneous

What is the main difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?

• Color and density

• Crystal size

• Weight

• Chemical composition

Which rock is typically formed from the cooling of lava on Earth's surface?

• Granite

• Basalt

• Marble

• Slate

What event 60 million years ago contributed to the formation of the Himalayas?

• Sudden rise in sea levels

• Collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates

• Eruption of a super volcano

• A giant meteor impact

What is the primary factor that influences the texture of an igneous rock?

• The amount of erosion it undergoes

• The size of the area it covers

• The depth at which it forms

• The speed at which the magma cools

What happens to the rock at the surface due to different temperatures and pressures?

• It does not change

• It becomes smoother

• It may expand and crack

• It turns into magma