AP psy topic 3

One-year-old Marcus turns away in disgust if a bitter substance is placed on his tongue. The reason for such a reaction is most likely

• One-year-old Marcus turns away in disgust if a bitter substance is placed on his tongue. The reason for such a reaction is most likely

• an inherited familial characteristic

  
  

• an example of imitation of behavior modeled by other family members

• a classically conditioned taste aversion response

• a common but temporary aversion to bitter tastes produced by cold viruses

Balance is influenced by the

• cochlea

• basilar membrane

• eardrum

• auditory nerve

• semicircular canals

If Carmelita stares at a red spot for one minute and then shifts her gaze to a white piece of paper, she is likely to experience an afterimage that is

• green

• 
  red

• blue

• violet

• black

The change in the curvature of the lens that enables the eye to focus on objects at various distances is called

• accommodation

• adaptation

• 
  conduction

• convergence

• consonance

Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates a context effect?

• Carol performs better in her recital when she practices in short sessions, several times a day.

• Edgar solves his jigsaw puzzles faster when he completes the edges first.

• 
  Rosemarie shoots more accurately at her archery competition when other people are around.

• Vernon is more social at parties when he has had caffeine.

• jeannette does better on her exam when she takes it in the same room where she studies.

The ability to see a cube in the diagram above is best explained by which of the following?

• The resting potential of neurons in the optic nerve

• Gestalt principles of closure and continuity

• The inverted and reversed image that a visual stimulus produces on the retina

• The opponent process theory of vision

• The trichromatic theory of vision

Feature detectors are neurons that are turned on or off by specific features of visual stimuli like edges and movement. Where in the visual system are these feature detectors located?

• Occipital cortex

• Retina

• 
  Optic chiasm

• 
  Lens

• Cornea

The Gestalt principle that refers to an individual’s tendency to perceive an incomplete figure as whole is called

Responses

• figure-ground

• motion parallax

• closure

• proximity

• shape constancy

Gustatory receptors are sensitive to all of the following taste qualities EXCEPT

• bitter

• sweet

• salty

• 
  spicy

• sour

David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel’s research on responses of the brain to visual stimuli showed that

• patterns are recognized exclusively by template matching

• many cortical cells respond most strongly to specific visual information

• pattern recognition occurs in the lateral geniculate nucleus

• the retinal image must be upside down to be recognized

• 
  pattern recognition is better in normal-sighted individuals than in nearsighted or farsighted individuals