Immune system Study Guide

What is the primary function of the immune system?

• To produce hormones

• To protect an animal against disease by detecting and destroying antigens

• To regulate body temperature

• To aid in digestion

What are antigens?

• Cells that produce antibodies

• Beneficial bacteria in the gut

• Foreign invaders, not "self cells"

• Nutrients absorbed from food

What is phagocytosis?

• The release of enzymes

• The ingestion of pathogens

• The production of antibodies

• The replication of viruses

What is the first phase of phagocytosis?

• Adherence

• Ingestion

• Chemotaxis

• Digestion

What occurs during the 'digestion' phase of phagocytosis?

• Phagocyte releases enzymes to kill the microbe

• Lysosome attaches and produces enzymes to break down pathogen cell walls

• Phagocyte extends pseudopod

• Phagocyte attaches to the pathogen

Which of the following is part of the first line of defense in the human immune system?

• Blood cells

• Integument system: skin and outer body covering

• Hormones

• Antibodies

What is the role of specific immunity in the human body?

• First line of defense

• Third line of defense

• Second line of defense

• Non-specific defense

Which cells are involved in specific immunity?

• Red blood cells

• Neurons

• Lymphocytes

• Epithelial cells

Which cell type is responsible for the direct killing of infected cells in the diagram?

• Macrophage

• Memory T cell

• Helper T cell

• Killer T cell

What transformation do B cells undergo after a humoral immune response?

• They become plasma cells

• They become antigens

• They become memory cells

• They become antibodies