Tasks 8-9; Universal Genetic Code and Meiosis

Which of the following represent the correct complementary pairs of nucleotides found in DNA?

• A+G, T+C

• A+C, T+G

• A+T, G+C

How many nucleotides does it take to make a codon?

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 5

• 6

In RNA, which nucleotide is present instead of thymine?

• adenine

• Guanine

• Thymine

• Uracil

• Cytosine

Reorder the following steps in protein synthesis.

• The messenger RNA sequence is read and codons are used to identify amino acids.

• The long chain of amino acids is completed and becomes a protein.

• Amino acids are gathered together into a long chain.

• A DNA sequence is read and a complementary messenger RNA sequences produced.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Why is the code in DNA considered to be universal?

• RNA is used to make proteins and these proteins do work in all cells.

• DNA and the way it is used to make a protein are the same in virtually all life forms.

• DNA is found all over the world in all kinds of organisms.

• Cells with a nucleus have DNA and the DNA has codons.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Click on the amino acid name for mRNA codon AAA.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Click on the amino acid name for DNA codon AAA.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

With regard to protein synthesis, what might happen if one nucleotide in DNA mutates? Mark all correct answers.

• The same amino acid could still be produced, resulting in a code mutation, but no difference in the protein.

• A different amino acid could be produced, resulting in a good mutation in the protein.

• A different amino acid could be produced, resulting in a bad mutation in the protein.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What population-level changes might occur overtime due to genetic mutations?

• Genetic mutations only affect individuals, not populations

• Only good genetic mutations can be passed on to offspring, providing the offspring with the same benefits of the mutation.

• Both good and bad genetic mutations can be passed on to offspring, providing the offspring with the same benefits or problems of the mutation.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

Label each stage with its description.

a

b

c

d

The cell prepares to divide

DNA is copied

the cell divides

the cell is growing

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4