APWH Unit 1-5 Review

How did culture change between 1,000,000 years ago and 10,000 years ago?

• People changed how they lived and thought very little
• People adapted to new environments and adapted new tools
• people developed writing and formed the first cities
• people survived primarily by farming crops that were easy to grow

The Chinese desire to limit trade with other nations best reflects which of the following cultural beliefs?

• Confucianism

• Ethnocentrism

• Nationalism

• Selectivism

Answer explanation

The Chinese belief of their cultural superiority created a feeling that goods from other countries were not needed, nor wanted by chinese citizens.

Pre-Islamic Arabian society can BEST be described as:

• Nomadic

• Urban

• Sedentary

• Cosmopolitan

Answer explanation

In Pre-Islamic Arabia, cariosu clans would consistently move to find resources needed for survival. Often times they moved to engage in trading along the coastal areas of the peninsula. The geography of the region made it too difficult to settle in once place.

All of the following statements regarding China from 1200-1450 are true EXCEPT

• Women's standing in society was very low, as demonstrated by footbinding

• The success of the individual was more important than the success of the community

• Chinese political systems and culutural beliefs were adopted by other nations in East Asia

• Trade routes were nearly abandoned as a result of less Chinese focus on trade.

Answer explanation

Under a Confucian system, the well-being of society was key. Creating an orderly and peaceful society was paramount, and if that meant that the individual need couldn't be met, that that was okay.

One similarity between Buddhism and Hinduism was

• a social hierarchal system

• Prayer to multiple deities

• The belief in reincarnation

• The insistence in religious leaders being female

Answer explanation

both Hindus and Buddhists believe that it would take multiple lifetimes to achieve the goal of Brahman/Moksha (Hinduism) and Buddhism (Nirvana). They both believes in reincarnation

One way that Buddhism differed from Hinduism was

• Buddhism originated in a differnt region than Buddhism

• A belief in equality of all followers

• The belief that mulitple lifetimes were needed to accomplish its religious goal

• material possessions were important in the quest for happiness

Answer explanation

Buddhism promotes the equality of all believers in finding their way to Nirvana anyways them with the cast him did not believe in equality and members of Indian society divided into different caste with some groups such as Brahmins, much higher in social standing, than say the Shudras

One Way the Incans differed from the Aztecs was

• The Incan's use the labor tax to benefit the citizens of the empire not just the government

• the Incan did not believe in sacrifice in anyway

• The Incans promoted monotheism which the Aztecs promoted polytheism

• Travel within the Incan empire was much easier than in the Aztec empire

Answer explanation

The mita tax prompted by the Incans was used to build roads and produce foods that would go to benefit the people of the empire. Aztec taxes tended to go for the benefit of the government/aristocracy instead of the entire empire

the Aztec use of Chinampas best demonstrates which of the following AP themes

• Interactions between humans and the environment

• governance

• development and transformation of social structures

• development and interaction of cultures

Answer explanation

Due to the swamp like conditions farming was very difficult in Tenochtitlan and so the Aztecs had to figure out how to work around the environment constraints in order to produce food this suggests humans alter in the environment due to constraints

a historian studying this time period, wanting to evaluate the extent to cross cultural exchange would find which of the following sources useful

• and Islamic merchants records during his trips to various regions in the Indian ocean

• A map showing the trade routes used during this time period

• a journal from a Chinese scholar explaining the benefits of Confucianism

• A western European account of Viking and Muslim attacks in Gaul

Answer explanation

While a map showing trade route might be helpful, just because trade routes existed doesn't mean that they were heavily used. As well, a map showing Viking and Muslim attacks on Medieval Europe only shows a regional account and battles don't always cause cross cultural exchange. A merchant's records show what products were bought and sold from various regions in the Indian Ocean showing cultural exchange via the products

How did the Mongol conquests tend to encourage trade along the Silk Roads?

• decreasing risk of bandit attacks

• reducing number of local rulers collecting tributes from trade caravans

• they lowered taxes

• they would let traders borrow their horses