Molecular Genetics Review

Where is DNA found within a cell?

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

• Golgi apparatus

What role does DNA play for a cell?

• Provides energy

• Stores genetic information

• Protects the cell from viruses

• Helps in digestion

How can changes in the DNA sequence affect the functioning of an organism?

• No effect

• Changes protein synthesis

• Increases cell size

• Decreases energy production

Who discovered the structure of DNA along with James Watson?

• Rosalind Franklin

• Oswald Avery

• Maurice Wilkins

• Francis Crick

Which scientist is known for the transformation principle in bacteria, contributing to the understanding of DNA?

• Oswald Avery

• Frederick Griffith

• Erwin Chargaff

• Alfred Hershey

Which of the following scientists developed the base pairing rules for DNA?

• Maurice Wilkins

• Erwin Chargaff

• Frederick Griffith

• Oswald Avery

What was the purpose of Griffith's experiment conducted in 1928?

• To prove that bacteria could regenerate

• To discover what the genetic material was

• To create a vaccine for pneumonia

• To demonstrate bacterial conjugation

What was the primary goal of the Hershey and Chase experiment conducted in 1952?

• To prove that proteins were the genetic material

• To demonstrate that DNA was the genetic material

• To discover the structure of DNA

• To observe the effects of radiation on bacteria

What does Chargaff's rule imply about DNA base ratios?

• A) They are identical in all cells of an organism

• B) They vary widely between different tissues

• C) They are similar across different organs of the same species

• D) They are random and unpredictable

What technique did Wilkins and Franklin use in the 1940s and 1950s to study DNA?

• Electron microscopy

• X-ray crystallography

• Chromatography

• Ultracentrifugation