What was the status of the Great Pyramid in terms of its height historically?

• It was the tallest structure for about 500 years.

• It was never considered tall.

• It was the tallest man-made structure for almost four thousand years.

• It was moderately tall for its time.

According to the text, what is a fundamental aspect of engineering?

• Creating systems that deliver basic needs like water and electricity.

• Building aesthetically pleasing structures only.

• Focusing solely on technological advancements.

• Engineering is only about historical innovations.

What does the design aspect of engineering involve, as mentioned in the text?

• Following strict historical guidelines.

• Creating something that has not existed before.

• Replicating designs from other civilizations.

• Ignoring practical utility.

What is one of the primary needs met by engineering according to the text?

• Entertainment and leisure.

• Basic needs such as water, food, and shelter.

• Luxury travel and tourism.

• Advanced computing technologies.

What is the primary focus of the National Academy of Engineering as identified in the top twenty engineering achievements of the twentieth century?

• Development of digital technologies

• Advancements in medical science

• Achievements that have transformed human lives

• Innovations in space exploration

According to the text, why is water considered a critical engineering challenge?

• It is essential for cooking and cleaning only

• It is not easily accessible in all regions

• It is used for basic survival and other crucial purposes

• It is inexpensive to distribute

What does the image in the document primarily depict?

• A broken pipe leaking water

• Water being wasted

• Clean water flowing from a faucet

• A person drinking water

By what year is the Earth's human population predicted to be around 9 billion according to the projections mentioned in the text?

• 2050

• 2100

• 2030

• 2000

What is the main challenge for the future as described in the text regarding the increase in human population?

• Reducing technological advancements

• Alleviating poverty and raising the standard of living while sustaining natural resources

• Increasing the use of non-renewable energy sources

• Decreasing global temperatures

According to the National Resource Council (NRC, 1999), what is the most recent conceptual focus for sustainable development?

• Economic growth

• Technological innovation

• Reconciliation of society’s developmental goals with environmental limits

• Expansion of urban areas