Evolution Study Guide

The different species of Hawaiian honeycreepers shown all descended from a single species of North American bird. They now have different beaks, eat different foods, sing different songs, and live in different environments on the islands.

What is the primary factor that contributed to the development of different species of Hawaiian honeycreepers?

• Climate change

• Predation

• Different environments and food sources

• Volcanic activity

Anole lizards live throughout the Bahamas. They are small, fast running lizards with long legs. Visitors to the islands introduced a predator of the anoles. The predator is a large lizard that can also run very fast. Over the years, the anoles that survived were short-legged tree climbers. Today, throughout the Bahamas, the anoles are short-legged and live in trees.

What is an example of evolution due to natural selection among animals in the Bahamas?

• The introduction of a new plant species

• The survival of short-legged, tree-climbing anole lizards

• The migration of birds to the islands

• The predator lizard that can run very fast.

Based on the diagram, which statement best describes the evolution of the horse's foot over the last 40 million years?

• The structure of the foot has remained the same.

• The foot has evolved to have fewer toes.

• The foot has evolved to be more suitable for climbing.

• The foot has increased in size significantly.

What is the primary reason that the dark-colored mutation of the peppered moth was beneficial in polluted areas?

• It made the moths fly faster.

• It allowed the moths to see better at night.

• It helped the moths blend in with the soot-covered trees, avoiding predators.

• It made the moths larger and more intimidating to predators.

Based on the fossil records, which horse species existed 25 million years ago?

• Eohippus

• Mesohippus

• Merychippus

• Equus

According to the graph, how many dark moths were estimated to exist in the year 1900?

• 35

• 65

• 79

• 100

What does the diagram primarily show?

• The process of erosion

• The formation of mountains

• Sedimentary rock layers with fossils

• The lifecycle of a plant

Based on the diagram, what was the most likely biome of the youngest layer?

• Desert

• Forest

• Tundra

• Aquatic

Why might this area have been a water biome in the past?

• Presence of desert sand fossils

• Presence of aquatic fossils

• Presence of wind-blown pollen

• Presence of tree leaves

How does antibiotic resistance in bacteria demonstrate natural selection?

• Bacteria develop resistance by choosing to mutate their DNA.

• Antibiotics cause mutations in bacterial DNA, leading to resistance.

• Bacteria that are naturally resistant to antibiotics survive and reproduce, passing on the resistance genes.

• All bacteria eventually become resistant to antibiotics through use.

Tags

DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept