Evolution and Natural Selection Study Guide

What is the first step in the evolution of organisms as hypothesized in the study of early atmospheric conditions?

• Development from multicellular to unicellular organisms

• Evolution from prokaryotic to eukaryotic organisms

• Initial development from anaerobic and prokaryotic organisms

• Transition directly to photosynthetic organisms

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Which type of evidence is used to understand the evolution of species through shared anatomical structures?

• Biochemical evidence

• Fossil evidence

• Anatomical evidence

• Geological evidence

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

What role does geographic isolation play in the process of speciation according to the natural selection study guide?

• It decreases genetic variability within a population.

• It has no significant impact on speciation.

• It promotes the creation of new species by separating populations.

• It increases the mutation rate in organisms.

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According to the study guide, what is a key factor that leads to changes in species over time through natural selection?

• Constant environmental conditions

• Decrease in genetic mutations

• Accumulation and change in favored alleles

• Reduction in the number of species

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NGSS.HS-LS4-2

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What is the primary role of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

• Photosynthesis

• Cellular Respiration

• Protein Synthesis

• DNA Replication

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Which theory suggests that eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes?

• Germ Theory

• Endosymbiotic Theory

• Theory of Relativity

• Quantum Theory

What does natural selection in a population lead to over time?

• Decrease in genetic variation

• Increase in individual fitness

• Strengthening or weakening of inheritable traits

• Uniformity in species characteristics

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NGSS.HS-LS4-4

Which of the following is not a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

• No nucleus

• Membrane-bound organelles

• Ribosomes

• Bacterial structure

What is the significance of fossils in studying evolution?

• They provide evidence of past solar activity

• They indicate previous geological structures

• They show evidence of past living organisms and their evolution

• They are used primarily to study asteroid impacts

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NGSS.HS-LS4-1

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What is an example of a vestigial structure in humans?

• Heart

• Liver

• Appendix

• Brain