Sampling in Research

What is the primary purpose of sampling in research?

• To make the research process longer

• To select individual members or a subset of the population to make statistical inferences

• To increase the cost of research

• To test every individual in the population

Answer explanation

To select individual members or a subset of the population to make statistical inferences

Which type of sampling gives every member of the population an equal chance to be included in the sample?

• Non-probability sampling

• Biased sampling

• Probability sampling

• Theoretical sampling

Answer explanation

Probability sampling gives every member of the population an equal chance to be included in the sample, ensuring unbiased representation.

What is a key characteristic of non-probability sampling?

• It involves selection of members based on a fixed process

• Every member has an equal opportunity to be selected

• Members are chosen randomly without a fixed or predefined selection process

• It eliminates sampling bias completely

Answer explanation

Members are chosen randomly without a fixed or predefined selection process

In probability sampling, what chance does each member have to be selected in a population of 1000 members?

• 1/100 chance

• 1/10 chance

• 1/1000 chance

• 1/500 chance

Answer explanation

In probability sampling, each member in a population of 1000 has a 1/1000 chance of being selected, making the correct answer choice 1/1000 chance.

Which sampling technique involves dividing the entire population into sections or clusters that represent a population and selecting samples based on demographic parameters?

• Simple random sampling

• Systematic sampling

• Cluster sampling

• Stratified random sampling

Answer explanation

Cluster sampling involves dividing the population into clusters based on demographic parameters and then randomly selecting clusters to sample from.

What is the main advantage of using Simple Random Sampling as a probability sampling technique?

• It allows for demographic targeting

• It saves time and resources

• It requires complex calculations

• It uses a systematic approach

Answer explanation

Simple Random Sampling saves time and resources by being a straightforward and efficient probability sampling technique.

In Simple Random Sampling, what is the probability of each member being chosen to be part of a sample?

• Based on their demographic characteristics

• Randomly, with each having an equal chance

• Based on a predetermined system

• Only if they meet specific criteria

Answer explanation

In Simple Random Sampling, the probability of each member being chosen is randomly, with each having an equal chance.

What is the main advantage of using systematic sampling over other sampling methods?

• It is less time-consuming because it uses a fixed interval for selection.

• It eliminates the need for a population frame.

• It ensures a more diverse sample.

• It is more cost-effective because it requires fewer resources.

Answer explanation

Systematic sampling is less time-consuming because it uses a fixed interval for selection, making the process more efficient.

In stratified random sampling, how does a researcher typically divide the population?

• Based on random selection from a list.

• Into smaller groups that represent the entire population.

• Based on the size of the population only.

• According to the geographical location of the members.

Answer explanation

In stratified random sampling, the researcher divides the population into smaller groups that represent the entire population to ensure a more accurate representation of different characteristics within the population.

Which of the following is a key use of probability sampling?

• To increase the speed of data collection.

• To reduce sample bias and improve data quality.

• To simplify the data analysis process.

• To reduce the overall cost of research.

Answer explanation

To reduce sample bias and improve data quality.