AP Enviro Exam Review

Design a year-long research project to investigate the impact of urban development on local biodiversity. Outline the key steps you would take, the data you would collect, and how you would analyze this data to draw conclusions about urbanization's effects on ecosystem services.

• Collect data on plant species before and after urban development, analyze using simple statistical methods.

• Conduct monthly biodiversity surveys, use GIS mapping to correlate changes with urban expansion, and apply multivariate analysis to assess impacts on ecosystem services.

• Compare pre-development biodiversity with other urban areas using basic observational data.

• Focus solely on the number of bird species present before and after development without further analysis.

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DOK Level 4: Extended Thinking

Propose a detailed plan to evaluate the effectiveness of different water conservation techniques in agricultural practices over a three-year period. Include experimental design, types of data to be collected, and the statistical methods to be used for analysis.

• Measure water usage only and compare before and after the implementation of conservation techniques.

• Set up control and experimental groups using different conservation techniques, measure various parameters like water usage, crop yield, and soil moisture, and analyze data using ANOVA.

• Observe general water usage trends in farms without implementing specific techniques.

• Only focus on interviewing farmers about their subjective opinions on water conservation methods.

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DOK Level 4: Extended Thinking

Develop a comprehensive plan to study the long-term effects of plastic pollution on marine ecosystems. Describe the methodologies you would use, the types of data you would gather, and how you would analyze these data to understand the impact on marine life and water quality.

• Collect water samples at random and count visible plastic pieces.

• Implement systematic sampling of water, sediment, and biota at multiple depths and locations, use spectroscopy for microplastic analysis, and model the impact on marine life using ecological statistics.

• Only focus on interviewing beachgoers about their plastic usage.

• Review literature on plastic pollution without conducting any new research.

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DOK Level 4: Extended Thinking

Imagine you are tasked with assessing the carbon footprint of a small city. Develop a detailed plan that includes the sources of emissions you would investigate, the methodology for data collection, and the approach for analyzing and reporting the results.

• Only calculate emissions from vehicles using rough estimates.

• Analyze emissions from various sectors including transportation, industrial, residential, and waste management using carbon tracking software, and conduct community surveys to understand public awareness and behavior towards carbon reduction.

• Focus solely on industrial emissions without considering other sources.

• Use generic data from similar cities without any local measurements.

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DOK Level 4: Extended Thinking

Create a detailed proposal for a study to determine the effects of deforestation on local climate over a decade. Include the hypothesis, variables to be measured, data collection techniques, and the statistical analysis plan.

• Only observe changes in tree density.

• Measure changes in tree density, soil composition, local temperature, and precipitation patterns, use satellite imagery for deforestation tracking, and apply time series analysis to correlate deforestation with climate variables.

• Compare local climate to a different region that has not experienced deforestation.

• Conduct a one-time survey of local wildlife without further analysis.

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DOK Level 4: Extended Thinking

What are the two most common greenhouse gases?

• Water Vapor (H₂O) and Methane (CH₄)
• Carbon Dioxide CO₂ and Methane (CH₄)
• Water Vapor (H₂O) and Carbon Dioxide CO₂
• Water Vapor (H₂O) and Nitrous oxide (N₂O)

Which in the atmosphere protects us from harmful UV radiation?

• Ozone

• Water Vapor

• Methane

• Sulfur Dioxide

• Carbon Dioxide

What type of waves get trapped inside the greenhouse?

• Sunlight
• Ultraviolet
• Microwaves
• Infrared

What results from livestock and other agricultural practices and by the decay of organic waste in municipal solid waste landfills?

• Carbon Dioxide

• Methane

• Water Vapor

• Fluorinated Gases

• Nitrous Oxide

These gases are typically emitted in smaller quantities, but because they are potent greenhouse gases, they are sometimes referred to as High Global Warming Potential gases ("High GWP gases").

• Fluorinated Gases

• Methane

• Carbon Dioxide

• Nitrous Oxide

• Water Vapor