Biology Quiz

Which process involves the crossing over and separation of homologous chromatids?

• Mitosis

• Meiosis

• Binary fission

• Budding

Answer explanation

Meiosis involves the crossing over and separation of homologous chromatids, leading to genetic variation in offspring.

What type of mutation involves the insertion or deletion of a nucleotide in the DNA sequence?

• Frameshift

• Substitution

• Inversion

• Duplication

Answer explanation

Frameshift mutation involves the insertion or deletion of a nucleotide in the DNA sequence, causing a shift in the reading frame. This can lead to significant changes in the resulting protein.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

In genetics, what term describes the observable characteristics of an organism?

• Genotype

• Phenotype

• Allele

• Chromosome

Answer explanation

In genetics, the term 'phenotype' describes the observable characteristics of an organism, distinguishing it from genotype, allele, and chromosome.

What is the term for the genetic makeup of an organism?

• Phenotype

• Chromosome

• Genotype

• Trait

Answer explanation

The term for the genetic makeup of an organism is genotype, which refers to the specific set of genes carried by an individual.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Charles Darwin observed variations in finch populations on the Galapagos Islands. What concept was he able to illustrate through these observations?

• Genetic drift

• Natural selection

• Gene flow

• Mutation

Answer explanation

Charles Darwin was able to illustrate the concept of Natural selection through his observations of variations in finch populations on the Galapagos Islands.

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NGSS.HS-LS4-2

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B = brown fur  b = white fur
In the Punnett square, what is the probability for white fur? 

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

Answer explanation

The probability for white fur is 50% because in the Punnett square, the genotype combinations include both 'Bb' and 'bb', resulting in a 50% chance of white fur.

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In the Punnett square shown, what must the genotype of the missing parent be?

• BB

• Bb

• bb

• Tt

Answer explanation

The missing parent must have a genotype of Bb to produce the observed Punnett square results.

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What are the possible genotypes for this cross?
(Click the picture to see it without the text)

• TT = 25% Tt= 50% tt=25%

• all tall

• TT= 75% tt = 25%

• Tt = 100%

Answer explanation

The correct answer is TT = 25%, Tt = 50%, tt = 25%. This is because the possible genotypes for this cross follow a Mendelian inheritance pattern with a 1:2:1 ratio for homozygous dominant, heterozygous, and homozygous recessive genotypes.

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Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry

• vestigial structures

• homologous structures

• adaptive radiation

• fossil

Answer explanation

Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry - this describes homologous structures.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

Which term refers to the "process by which individuals better suited to their environment will survive and reproduce more often"?

Tags

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