Astronomy Test 1

What is the field of science that specifically studies the origin and development of the universe?

• Astrobiology

• Cosmology

• Geology

• Quantum Mechanics

During the recombination era of the Big Bang, what significant change occurs in the universe?

• The temperature rises significantly

• Electrons combine with nuclei to form neutral atoms

• The universe expands rapidly

• Dark matter begins to form

What primary elements were formed shortly after the Big Bang?

• Nitrogen and Sulfur

• Hydrogen and Helium

• Iron and Silicon

• Oxygen and Carbon

What is the primary factor in the formation of galaxies?

• Gravitational forces

• Thermal energy

• Nuclear fusion

• Electromagnetic forces

What relationship is evident from the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram?

• Mass-radius

• Color-luminosity

• 
  Mass-luminosity

• Temperature-size

What happens to a star's gravity as its radius increases?

• It remains constant

• It becomes negligible

• 
  It decreases

• It increases exponentially

What is left behind after a low-mass star dies?

• Supernova remnant

• Neutron star

• Black hole

• White dwarf

What is synthesized in a supernova that cannot be created during the normal life of a star?

• Carbon

• Helium

• Hydrogen

• Elements heavier than iron

What term describes the boundary around a black hole from which nothing can escape?

• Event horizon

• Schwarzschild radius

• Gravitational boundary

• Photon sphere

What phenomenon allows black holes to emit radiation, according to Stephen Hawking?

• Quantum tunneling

• Quantum fluctuation

• 
  Photon emission

• Nuclear fusion