lecture 1 exp

What is the main difference between observational and experimental studies?

• Observational studies have a control group, while experimental studies do not.

• Observational studies do not involve any intervention or experiment, while experimental studies entail manipulation of the study factor.

• Observational studies involve manipulation of the study factor, while experimental studies do not.

• Observational studies track people forward in time, while experimental studies work in reverse.

What is the purpose of Descriptive Studies?

• To describe the potential association between exposure and outcome.

• To compare the occurrence of an outcome between two groups.

• To track people forward in time from exposure to outcome.

• To describe the occurrence of an outcome without a control group.

In Analytic Studies, what is the basic question being asked?

• What is the occurrence of an outcome?

• Is there a comparison between two groups?

• Are exposure and disease linked?

• How many variables are being manipulated?

What is the main characteristic of Cross-sectional studies?

• They track people forward in time from exposure to outcome.

• They measure both exposure and outcome at one time point.

• They work in reverse, tracing back from outcome to exposure.

• They involve randomization of subjects to treatment groups.

What is the purpose of Case-Control Design?

• To track people forward in time from exposure to outcome.

• To compare the occurrence of an outcome between two groups.

• To compare cases with controls based on exposure.

• To study the relationship between one variable and another.

What is the Independent Variable in Experimental Design?

• The group that remains the same for comparison.

• The group that receives the treatment being investigated.

• The variable that will be manipulated, the 'cause' or treatment variable.

• The variable that is the 'effect' or outcome of manipulating the independent variable.

What is the purpose of Experimental Research Design?

• To investigate causal relationships and study the relationship between variables.

• To track people forward in time from exposure to outcome.

• To compare cases with controls based on exposure.

• To describe the potential association between exposure and outcome.

What is the main goal of researchers using experimental research?

• To track people forward in time from exposure to outcome.

• To describe the occurrence of an outcome without a control group.

• To manipulate one variable to see if it has an effect on the other variable.

• To observe what happens without any intervention or experiment.

What is the purpose of the Control Group in Experimental Design?

• To remain the same for comparison with the experimental group.

• To receive the treatment being investigated.

• To manipulate the independent variable.

• To track people forward in time from exposure to outcome.

What is the significance of Randomization in Experimental Design?

• It ensures that the study population is free of disease.

• It allows for comparison between cases and controls.

• It helps in tracking people forward in time from exposure to outcome.

• It minimizes bias and ensures groups are comparable.