Earth Science Quiz

During a field trip, Sophia, Elijah, and Hannah observed a natural process where rocks undergo form changes. Which step of the rock cycle observed during their trip is associated with soil formation?

• when magma cools

• when bedrock is worn down

• when rocks undergo pressure changes

• when sediments are cemented together

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

The surface of the Earth changes from processes such as erosion. Which of these changes to Earth's surface is an example of erosion?

• an active volcano starting to erupt

• a waterfall breaking the rocks below it

• a rock turning a red color from oxygen

• the wind picking up dust and carrying it

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

During a science project, Priya investigates the environmental impact of cars. She concludes that adding automobile exhaust gas into the atmosphere has had the greatest impact on landscape development by _______.

• changing the position of crustal plates

• changing Earth's prevailing wind patterns

• increasing the rate of chemical weathering

• increasing the amount of ozone and ground water

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

The beach is a place where a lot of erosion happens. Waves and wind are constantly moving sand from place to place. Which of these landforms could protect communities living near beaches during a hurricane that caused big waves to hit the coast?

• sea arch

• longshore drift

• barrier islands

• sea stacks

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

__________ occurs when rocks are broken down into smaller parts. __________ occurs when broken-down rock materials are carried from one place to another by wind, water, or ice.

• weathering; erosion

• weathering; deposition

• deposition; erosion

• oxidation; weathering

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

While observing a garden, Zoe notices earthworms moving through the soil, turning it over by exposing rocks and breaking up clumpy soil. Which process does this describe?

• A. Erosion

• B. Deposition

• C. Chemical weathering

• D. Mechanical weathering

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

To understand what happened in Big Sur, researchers are analyzing average winter precipitation data collected over a thirty-year period. The data is displayed in the graph. The solid line across the middle of the graph marks the mean, or average winter precipitation for California over the entire thirty-year period. How much precipitation did California receive in the winter prior to the May 20 landslide of 2017?

• A. 800 mm

• B. 390 mm

• C. 710 mm

• D. 520 mm

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

Olivia became interested in the fossil evidence that Wegener used to form his hypothesis of the continental drift. How did the fossils show that the continents were once joined together?

• Animal fossils such as the mesosaurus were found on one continent.

• Scientists found examples of different kinds of fossils on some continents.

• Plant fossils of the same kind of fernlike plants were found on five continents.

• Freshwater animal fossils were found in the nearby oceans.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

After studying plate tectonics, Lee became interested in mid-ocean ridges and how rock develops as the tectonic plates spread apart. He decided to investigate further. Which of the following statements are true about sea-floor spreading? Choose the three statements that apply.

• Young rock forms in layers on the ocean floor as spreading occurs.

• Magma flows through cracks in Earth's crust and hardens.

• Continental crust is formed by the ridges as they grow.

• Mid-ocean ridges are the sources of the spreading.

• Older rock is farther away from the mid-ocean ridges.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

The Age of Humans refers to which of the following Periods?

• Paleogene period

• Neogene period

• Quaternary period

• Cenozoic period