Biology 2nd Semester Review

A population of bacterial is treated with hand sanitizer. Because of genetic variation in the population, what is a possible outcome?

• The population will grow quickly.
• All of the bacteria are already resistant.
• They will get better at obtaining a food source.
• Some may be resistant and survive.

One of the biggest ways that a species evolves is because some organisms with some traits survive and reproduce better than others. This process is known as

• natural selection.
• convergent evolution.
• coevolution
• sexual selection.

Genes for traits that help an organism be more successful reproductively can be expected to

• cause it to evolve into a new species.
• become more common in the future.
• cause the extinction of the species.
• eventually be eliminated by natural selection.

An adaptation is

• any trait an organism possesses.
• how an organism evolves during its own lifetime.
• a gene an organism has.
• a trait that helps an organism survive in its environment.

Genetic diversity is ultimately/mainly the result of

• meiosis.
• viruses.
• mutations.
• reproduction.

Which of the following is not an example of evolution?

• Horses becoming taller and faster over millions of years.
• All species of tortoises in the Galapagos islands descending from a common ancestor.
• Human brains becoming larger over time.
• A caterpillar going through a change into a butterfly.

Which of the following does not increase genetic variation?

• Mutations
• Gene flow
• Mitosis
• Crossing over

Individuals that are well adapted to their environment will survive and produce __________.

• fewer mutations
• more offspring
• stronger genes
• better traits

Natural selection results in change over time by acting on traits that are _________.

• heritable
• new
• mutated
• better

Organisms that live in similar environments, such as the ocean, often have similar adaptations. This is often due to

• convergent evolution.
• coevolution.
• gradualism.
• sexual selection.