Аударма теориясы 1

Who is traditionally considered the patron saint of translators?

• St Jerome

• St. Augustine

• Cicero

• Horace

• Martin Luther

Which ancient Roman scholars introduced the distinction between word-for-word and sense-for-sense translation?

• Cicero and Horace

• Plato and Aristotle

• Socrates and Homer

• Julius Caesar and Ovid

• Virgil and Seneca

What was Martin Luther's main contribution to the history of translation?

• Translating the Bible into common language

• Inventing the concept of formal equivalence

• Creating the first machine translation algorithm

• Establishing the first school for interpreters

• Translating ancient Greek scientific texts into Latin

Which period is characterized by the systemic, scientific study of translation?

• The second half of the 20th century

• The Middle Ages

• The Renaissance

• The 18th century

• The early 19th century

According to James S. Holmes, what are the two main branches of Translation Studies?

• Pure and applied

• General and specific

• Theoretical and historical

• Linguistic and cultural

• Human and machine

Which of the following belongs to the applied branch of Translation Studies?

• Translator training and translation criticism

• Descriptive translation studies

• The study of translation universals

• The general theory of translation

• The historical evolution of translation

How does R. Jakobson define intralingual translation?

• Rewording or paraphrasing within the same language

• Translating from one language to another

• Translating a written text into a film

• Translating a poem into prose in a foreign language

• Using machine translation for everyday texts

What is interlingual translation according to R. Jakobson?

• Translation proper, from one verbal language to another

• Changing the genre of a text within the same language

• Adapting a novel into a stage play

• Explaining a word using synonyms in the same language

• Replacing a verbal text with images

What is intersemiotic translation according to R. Jakobson?

• Transmutation from a verbal sign system to a non-verbal sign system

• Word-for-word translation between two languages

• Summarizing a long article in the same language

• Translating technical terms into everyday language

• Translating from a source text to a target text directly

Which of the following is an example of intersemiotic translation?

• Adapting a novel into a movie

• Translating a Russian novel into English

• Simplifying a legal document for ordinary readers

• Using a bilingual dictionary

• Paraphrasing a difficult sentence