Genetics & Heredity

What is genetics primarily concerned with?

• The study of cells and their functions

• The study of how traits are inherited

• The study of proteins and their functions

• The study of environmental effects on organisms

What does a gene consist of?

• the passing on of traits from one generation to another

• a section of DNA on a chromosome that contains the instructions for making a specific protein

• A type of chromosome

• A cell component that aids in protein synthesis

What is heredity?

• The study of genetic diseases

• The process of cell division

• The passing on of traits from one generation to another

• The mutation of genes

What are alleles?

• Cells that carry genetic information

• Specific patterns in a gene

• Proteins that modify DNA

• Enzymes involved in heredity

What distinguishes dominant alleles from recessive alleles?

• Dominant alleles are more common in the population.

• Dominant alleles cover up the effects of recessive alleles.

• Recessive alleles are found only in males.

• Recessive alleles produce more protein than dominant alleles.

What is a phenotype?

• The genetic makeup of an organism

• The physical appearance of an organism

• A type of genetic mutation

• A classification of genetic disorders

What is the function of a Punnett Square?

• To determine cell types in an organism

• To predict the outcome of genetic crosses

• To analyze protein structures

• To map the entire genome of an organism

What is the role of DNA deoxyribonucleic acid in cells?

• To provide energy to cells

• To create cellular structures

• To contain information that tells a cell how to grow and what to do

• To transport substances across the cell membrane

What is DNA deoxyribonucleic acid?

• a chemical in a cell that contains information to tell a cell how to grow and what to do

• a chemical in a cell that contains information to tell a cell how to grow and what to do

What is a genotype?

• a structure in the nucleus that contains hereditary material

• a tool used to trace a trait in members of a family over several generations

• a specific characteristic of an individual

• the genetic makeup (combination of alleles) of an organism