Chapter 10 Review Questions

What is the belief that the United States keep expanding west, across the continent, to the Pacific Ocean.

• pioneers

• Manifest Destiny

• Western Movement

• Pacific Proclamation

What is a transcontinental railroad?

• early settlers

• cowboys guide cattle along dusty trails

• quick movement of people to a place where where gold is discovered

• a railroad that spans an entire continent

Which statement explains how the railroad changed the cattle industry?

• Millions of cattle could now graze freely across the open Texas plains.

• Farmers and ranchers began to complete fiercely for land in the Southwest.

• Competition in the beef market grew between eastern and western ranchers.

• Western cattle could be sold and transported to meat-packing plants in the East.

Which of these attracted people to California in 1849?

• A gold rush

• the fur trade

• a belief in Manifest Destiny

• the transcontinental railroad

What feature of the region's climate made it difficult to farm in the Great Plains?

• In.sect swarms destroyed crops

• Grass often grew over six feet tall.

• Late winter freezes killed early crops.

• Hot summers sometimes led to severe droughts.

Who built a strong plow made of steel?

• John Deere

• James Oliver

• Cyrus McCormick

• Joseph Glidden

Why did settlers build sod homes in the Great Plains?

• Sod provided excellent insulation, so sod houses were ideal for the region's climate.

• Making the sod bricks was a one-person job, so families could start farming instantly.

• Sod homes were easy to build, so settlers could quickly meet the Homestead Act requirements.

• Building materials in the prairie were limited, so settlers had to use what was available to them.

What did the closing of the western frontier suggest?

• Manifest Destiny

• There was no more land for settlers in the West.

• The remaining territories now had enough people to become states.

• Lincoln's Homestead Act had succeeded in making the West productive farmland.

Lincoln's Homestead Act had succeeded in making the West productive farmland.

• American Indians believed that no one owned the land.

• American Indians believed that all American land belonged to them.

• American Indians believed they had the right to make money by selling land to the settlers.

• American Indians believed they had the power to divide the land among the settlers and other groups.

What was one effect of settlers hunting buffalo?

• The value of buffalo increased as their numbers decreased.

• Settlers taught American Indians how to use buffalo in new ways.

• American Indians became angry about the rapid decline of the buffalo.

• The migration pattern of the American Indians changed to find more buffalo.