Evolution Quiz- Edit 3

Match the following vocabulary terms with the correct descriptions: Gradualism, Speciation, Punctuated Equilibrium, Divergent Evolution, Convergent Evolution, Coevolution.

• D. Slow evolutionary changes over a long period of time.

• B. Burst of evolutionary change followed by periods of stability.

• A. Multiple species evolving from a common ancestor.

• C. Formation of a new species from a pre-existing species.

• E. When two organisms evolve in response to the other.

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If scientists wanted to learn more about evolution by studying biochemistry, they would study all of the following EXCEPT

• A. DNA

• B. proteins

• C. nucleic acids

• D. lipids (fats)

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Based on the amino acid comparison chart showing the order of amino acids present in a protein from five different organisms, a researcher could conclude that the two closest relatives are

• A. lemurs and gibbons

• B. lemurs and pigs

• C. cows and pigs

• D. none of the above. Amino acids cannot be used for relatedness.

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Two bodily structures, found in different species, have different internal bone structures but serve a similar purpose in each organism. This is most likely describing

• A. homologous structures

• B. vestigial structures

• C. analogous structures

• D. natural selection

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Scientists can explore whether two different animal species have evolved from a common ancestor, using evidence from all of the sources below except

• A. analysis of strands of DNA

• B. comparisons of bones and muscles

• C. comparison of the experiences of each organism

• D. studies of embryos during development

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Based on the DNA sequence comparison chart, which inference could you make about these species compared to humans?

• A. Lemurs are most like humans.

• B. Gorillas are most like humans.

• C. None of the species are similar to humans.

• D. Only the lemur differs from humans in any way.

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Ostriches have wings, but do not fly. Humans have an appendix, which many consider a vestigial organ. Discuss similarities and differences in the evolutionary significance of these features in ostriches and humans.

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Whales contain bones for rear legs. Each of these are examples of vestigial structures. Choose the correct option that best describes vestigial structures.

• Homologous structures

• Vestigial structures

• Analogous structures

• Natural selection

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Evidence of evolution from the field of paleontology examines different aspects. Select the correct option that best describes what is examined in paleontology to provide evidence for evolution.

• Sequences of DNA and protein

• Embryos of different species

• The location of different species across the planet

• Fossils compared to living species.

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Early during development, organisms as diverse as a human, a mouse, and a bat can appear indistinguishable. All of their embryos look nearly identical, suggesting that during development, humans go through stages of being a mouse and a bat. This very different species have a shared ancestry with all mammals. What is this a coincidental resemblance between them called?

• Similar structures have developed because of convergent evolution

• Similar structures have developed because of divergent evolution

• These very different species have a shared ancestry with all mammals

• This is a coincidental resemblance between them.

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