Biology Semester B Summative Review

What is the primary function of RNA in protein synthesis?

• To replicate DNA

• To transmit genetic information from DNA to the ribosome

• To modify amino acids

• To provide energy for cellular processes

During transcription, what is the main product formed?

• Amino acids

• tRNA

• mRNA

• Proteins

What is the difference between a codon and an anticodon?

• A codon is found in DNA and an anticodon in RNA

• A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA, whereas an anticodon is a complementary sequence in tRNA

• A codon codes for sugars, while an anticodon codes for amino acids

• A codon is a type of enzyme, while an anticodon is a type of protein

What is the purpose of an enzyme in biological reactions?

• To decrease the reaction rate

• To provide structural support to cells

• To act as a biological catalyst and speed up chemical reactions

• To store genetic information

During meiosis, what type of cells are produced?

• Diploid cells

• Haploid cells

• Somatic cells

• Zygotic cells

In rabbits, Black fur and brown eyes are dominant. What is the genotype of a rabbit that is homozygous recessive for both gray fur and red eyes?

• ggbb

• GgBb

• GGbb

• GGBB

What is the expected phenotypic ratio when two heterozygous rabbits for hair color and eye color are crossed?

• 1:1

• 3:1

• 9:3:3:1

• None of the above

What is the difference between codominance and incomplete dominance?

• Codominance involves both alleles being expressed equally, while incomplete dominance results in a blend of the two alleles.

• Codominance occurs when one allele completely masks the effect of another, while incomplete dominance involves a third, novel phenotype.

• Incomplete dominance is when both alleles are equally dominant, while codominance involves one allele being recessive.

• Codominance and incomplete dominance are the same.

Using the karyotype provided, determine if the individual is male or female.

• Male

• Female

• Cannot be determined

• Both male and female characteristics

The image on the left represents_structures and the image on the right represents_structures.

• homologous; analogous

• analogous; homologous

• homologous; vestigial

• vestigial; analogous