21 REVIEW: BOOK IMMUNITY

Match the following: A) Intact skin and mucous membranes B) Immune response C) Inflammatory response and skin and mucous membranes D) Inflammatory response

• First line of defense.

• Second line of defense.

• Third line of defense.

• Innate defense system.

• Adaptive defense system.

Fever is often a beneficial immune response because it can speed the activities of leucocytes.

• True

• False

A flu vaccine is needed seasonally to be effective but a polio vaccine is only needed once. The best explanation of this is _______.

• the flu vaccine is substantially weaker than the polio vaccine

• the polio virus is substantially weaker than the flu virus

• exposure to flu vaccine produces no memory cells from proliferating B-lymphocytes

• the flu has several strains that change seasonally

Vaccines work by ________.

• stimulating the immune system

• providing nutrients

• hydrating the body

• increasing metabolism

Inflammation ________.

• is a non-specific response to injury or infection

• is always harmful

• is caused by bacteria only

• is unrelated to the immune system

All but one of the following occurs during the inflammatory response. Select the example below that does NOT describe the process of inflammation.

• Inflammation increases capillary permeability.

• Chemotaxis draws leucocytes to the site of injury.

• Vasoconstriction prevents excessive blood loss due to injury.

• Release of prostaglandins results in pain.

Which of the following is true of antigens?

• Antigens are substances that activate the adaptive immune response.

• Antigens are typically composed of nucleotides.

• Antigens are produced by the body in response to a foreign invader.

• Antigens are limited to one antigenic determinant per antigen molecule.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the inflammatory response?

• prevents the spread of the injurious agent to nearby tissue

• replaces injured tissues with connective tissue

• disposes of cellular debris and pathogens

• sets the stage for repair processes

The redness and heat of an inflamed area are due to a local hyperemia caused by ________.

• vasodilation

• vasoconstriction

• phagocyte mobilization

• complement production