Final Exam Review

Nucleic acids like DNA are polymers of nucleotides. A nucleotide is composed of:

• phosphates, sugars and nitrogen bases

• phosphates, sugars and no nitrogen compounds

• 5-carbon sugars, nitrogen bases and no phosphorous

• adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, deoxyribose and no phosphorous

Which of the following is least accurate?

• Genes are recipes for proteins

• A segment of DNA coding for a protein is called a gene

• Chromosomes are composed of DNA

• DNA is made of protein

The pattern of nitrogen base pairing in DNA can be summarized by the rule that:

• adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine

• adenine pairs with uracil and cytosine pairs with guanine

• adenine pairs with cytosine and uracil pairs with guanine

• adenine pairs with guanine and cytosine pairs with thymine

Which is true about DNA?

• It contains the code needed to make proteins within a cell

• It contains the code needed to make carbohydrates within the cell

• It contains the code needed to make lipids within the cell

• It contains the code needed for ATP formation

If one strand of DNA has a nucleotide sequence of A-G-A-C-T-G, what is the sequence of its complementary strand?

• T-C-T-G-A-G

• U-C-U-G-A-G

• T-C-T-G-A-C

• U-C-U-G-A-C

Which best describes the relationship between Chromosomes, DNA, and Genes?

• Chromosomes are made of DNA. Genes are found within the chromosomes

• DNA is made of amino acids. Amino acids are found within the chromosomes

• Genes are made of chromosomes. DNA is made of genes

• Amino acids are the building blocks of DNA that then form chromosomes

A long chain of amino acids forms a:

• protein

• lipid

• carbohydrate

• nucleotide

When a mRNA is made from a section of DNA, this is called:

• DNA replication

• transcription

• respiration

• translation

Which is true about RNA?

• It is double stranded like DNA.

• It never leaves the nucleus.

• It contains ribose sugar.

• It contains the nitrogen base thymine instead of uracil.

What carries amino acids to a ribosome during protein synthesis?

• DNA

• mRNA

• tRNA

• DNA polymerase