Earth Science Study Guide 2024

Which evidence best supports the theory that the universe was created by an explosion called the Big Bang?

• impact craters found on Earth

• cosmic background radiation

• the different compositions of terrestrial and Jovian planets

• the blue shift of light from distant galaxies

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

Which star is less massive than our Sun and has a lower surface temperature?

• 40 Eridani B

• Aldebaran

• Sirius

• Barnard’s Star

The star Spica has a surface temperature of 22,400 K and a luminosity (relative to the Sun) of 12,100. To which group is Spica most likely to belong?

• Supergiants

• Giants

• White dwarfs

• Main sequence

Which color of visible light has the shortest wavelength?

• violet

• yellow

• green

• red

The center of the asteroid belt is approximately 503 million kilometers from the Sun. Between which two bodies is the asteroid belt located?

• The Sun and planet A

• Planets A and B

• Planets B and C

• Beyond Planet D

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

State the period of rotation at the equator of planet B. Label your answer with the correct units. You may refer to the ESRT.

• 
• 
• 
• 

How long ago did Earth and the solar system form?

• 14 billion years ago

• 4.6 billion years ago

• 14 million years ago

• 4.6 million years ago

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-6

Identify the force responsible for the contraction of a nebula (a gas cloud of molecules) to form a protostar.

• Nuclear fusion

• Nuclear fission

• Gravity

• Dark energy

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

How do the diameter and luminosity of a main sequence star change as the star becomes either a giant or a supergiant?

• Diameter and luminosity both decrease

• Diameter and luminosity both increase

• Diameter decreases, while luminosity increases

• Diameter increases, while luminosity decreases

Compared to the terrestrial planets, the Jovian planets are

• larger and less dense

• smaller and more dense

• closer to the Sun and less rocky

• farther from the Sun and more rocky

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3