17.4 - Cell Differentiation(15pts.)

Stem cells are

• cells that grow uncontrollably

• undifferentiated and can be any type of cell

• never go through cell division

• only found in embryos

Answer explanation

Stem cells are undifferentiated and can be any type of cell, making them versatile for various functions and tissues in the body.

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What does "pluripotent" mean?

• able to divide and make many different types of cells

• not able to divide

• can only divide and make one cell type 

• if it divides, it will make a cancerous tumor

Answer explanation

Pluripotent means able to divide and make many different types of cells, making it the correct choice among the options provided.

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Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?

• Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart. 

• Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells. 

• Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells. 

• A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells. 

Answer explanation

Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells.

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What is cell differentiation?

• Process by which cells produce more cells

• Process by which cells become specialized

• Process by which cells become unspecialized

• Process by which cells die

Answer explanation

Process by which cells become specialized

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What is one goal of cellular differentiation/specialization?

• To create specialized cells to help organism maintain homeostasis.

• To many cells.

• To make stem cells

• to make single celled organisms

Answer explanation

One goal of cellular differentiation/specialization is to create specialized cells to help the organism maintain homeostasis.

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Stem cell research is controversial because in involves?

• social issues

• ethical issues

• educational issues

• economical issues

Answer explanation

Stem cell research is controversial due to ethical issues surrounding the use of embryonic stem cells, raising concerns about the sanctity of life and potential misuse.

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What is the importance of apoptosis?

• To eliminate damaged or unnecessary cells

• To create specialized cells

• To produce two identical cells

• To cause uncontrolled cell growth

Answer explanation

The importance of apoptosis is to eliminate damaged or unnecessary cells, helping maintain proper cell function and overall health.

During the process of differentiation

• all sections of DNA are activated to determine the structure of a body cell

• ONLY ONE section of DNA are deactivated to determine the structure of a body cell

• only specific sections of DNA sequence are activated to determine the structure and functions of a body cell

Answer explanation

only specific sections of DNA sequence are activated to determine the structure and functions of a body cell

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Cells differentiate to perform different functions because

• all genes are turned on inside that cell

• all genes are turned off inside that cell

• different genes are turned on inside that cell

• different genes are turned on or off inside that cell

Answer explanation

Cells differentiate to perform different functions because different genes are turned on or off inside that cell.

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Which of the following best describes Specialized Cells?

• They can divide rapidly

• They are identical to all other cells in the organism

• They have specific structures and functions

• They are only found in cancerous cells

Answer explanation

Specialized Cells have specific structures and functions, distinguishing them from other cells in the organism.

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