Hazardous Earth: Earthquakes

What is the primary cause of earthquakes?

• Volcanic eruptions

• Meteor impacts

• Movement of tectonic plates along faults

• Global warming

Which scale is used to measure the magnitude of earthquakes?

• Kelvin scale

• Fahrenheit scale

• Celsius scale

• Richter scale

Where do most earthquakes occur?

• Underwater volcanoes

• Mountain ranges

• Tectonic plate boundaries

• Deserts

What is the term for a smaller earthquake that follows the main shock?

• Secondary quake

• Aftermath

• Aftershock

• Postquake

Explain the difference between the focus and epicenter of an earthquake.

• The focus and epicenter are the same thing.

• The focus is inside the Earth where the earthquake starts, while the epicenter is on the Earth's surface directly above the focus.

• The focus is on the Earth's surface, while the epicenter is inside the Earth.

• The focus is the largest part of an earthquake, while the epicenter is the smallest.

How do seismographs help in studying earthquakes?

• Seismographs predict the exact time and location of earthquakes.

• Seismographs measure the temperature changes during earthquakes.

• Seismographs analyze the chemical composition of earthquake waves.

• Seismographs detect and record earthquake vibrations, providing data for studying earthquake characteristics.

What is liquefaction in the context of earthquakes?

• Saturated soil losing strength and behaving like a liquid during earthquakes.

• A term used to describe the shaking felt during an earthquake

• A method to prevent earthquakes from occurring

• A process where rocks turn into liquid during earthquakes

Describe the concept of seismic waves.

• Seismic waves are vibrations that travel through the Earth's layers, typically generated by earthquakes or explosions.

• Seismic waves are caused by volcanic eruptions only.

• Seismic waves are only detected on the Earth's surface.

• Seismic waves are stationary vibrations within the Earth.

What is the Ring of Fire and why is it significant in terms of earthquakes?

• The Ring of Fire is a region in the Atlantic Ocean known for volcanic activity

• The Ring of Fire is a region in the Pacific Ocean basin known for frequent earthquakes and volcanic activity.

• The Ring of Fire is a man-made structure causing earthquakes

• The Ring of Fire is a term used to describe a peaceful area with no seismic activity

How can buildings be designed to withstand earthquakes?

• Incorporate base isolation systems, dampers, reinforced concrete structures, flexible frames, and proper foundation design.

• Ignore seismic regulations

• Reduce the number of support beams

• Use more glass in the building design