ap bio unit 7 multi choice

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for natural selection to occur?

• Genetic variation

• Differential reproductive success

• Environmental change

• Overproduction of offspring

• Random mating

What is the term for the process by which unrelated species evolve similar traits due to similar environmental pressures?

• Convergent evolution

• Divergent evolution

• Coevolution

• Adaptive radiation

• Parallel evolution

Which of the following statements about evolution is true?

• Evolution occurs at the level of individuals.

• Evolution is a random process.

• Evolution is synonymous with natural selection.

• Evolution leads to an increase in genetic variation within populations.

• Evolution occurs in response to individual needs.

What is the term for the process by which two populations of the same species become reproductively isolated from each other?

• Allopatric speciation

• Sympatric speciation

• Adaptive radiation

• Convergent evolution

• Divergent evolution

Which type of selection favors individuals at both extremes of the phenotypic range?

• Stabilizing selection

• Directional selection

• Disruptive selection

• Sexual selection

• Artificial selection

Which of the following is an example of genetic drift?

• A volcanic eruption wipes out half of a population, leaving behind only individuals with a certain allele.

• Birds with longer beaks are better able to access food sources, leading to an increase in the frequency of long-beaked individuals.

• Male peacocks with brighter feathers are more likely to attract mates, leading to an increase in the frequency of bright feather alleles.

• A new predator is introduced to an ecosystem, causing a decrease in the population size of its prey species.

• Individuals with a particular allele are deliberately selected for breeding by humans, leading to changes in allele frequencies over time.

What is the term for the movement of individuals into or out of a population?

• Immigration

• Emigration

• Dispersion

• Migration

• Colonization

Which of the following is an example of a prezygotic reproductive barrier?

• Hybrid offspring are sterile.

• Two species of frogs have different mating calls.

• Two species of plants produce flowers at different times of the year.

• Two species of birds produce viable offspring, but their hybrids have reduced fitness.

• Two species of fish live in different habitats within the same lake.

What is the term for the random change in allele frequencies within a population over time?

• Genetic drift

• Gene flow

• Mutation

• Natural selection

• Bottleneck effect

A population is divided into two separate groups by a geographical barrier.

• A population is divided into two separate groups by a geographical barrier.

• A catastrophic event drastically reduces the size of a population, resulting in a loss of genetic diversity.

• Individuals from one population migrate to another population and interbreed.

• A population evolves new traits in response to environmental changes.

• Individuals with certain traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.